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Effects of reduced nitrogen application on nitrogen uptake and use efficiency of rice in Taihu area.

LIU Hong-jiang, ZHENG Jian-chu, GUO Zhi, CHEN Liu-gen*, ZHANG Yue-fang, WANG Xin   

  1. (Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environments, Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Nangjing 210014, China).
  • Online:2016-11-10 Published:2016-11-10

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of reduced nitrogen application on nitrogen uptake and use efficiency of rice, thus determining suitable nitrogen application rate on high yielding rice field in Taihu area, improving nitrogen use efficiency of rice and reducing the effects of nitrogen loss through runoff from paddy fields on agricultural ecological environment. Based on the investigation of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to rice by local farmers, five treatments including no nitrogen fertilization (N0), local custom fertilization with 360 kg·hm-2 nitrogen application (N1), and nitrogen reduction of 10% (N2), 20% (N3), and 30% (N4) were conducted, with deep application of basic fertilizer by machinery and straw return. Nitrogen reduction obviously decreased soil available nitrogen content in different rice growth stages. Nitrogen reduction of 10% increased rice yield by 1.9%. Nitrogen accumulation of rice gradually decreased with the increasing extent of nitrogen reduction, there was no significant difference between N1 and N2 treatments, and N3 and N4 treatments significantly decreased nitrogen accumulation of rice. Nitrogen use efficiency for grain yield gradually increased with the increasing extent of nitrogen reduction. Combined with deep application of basic fertilizer by machinery and straw return, nitrogen reduction of 10% on the basis of the amount of local custom fertilization ensured the high yield of rice, and at the same time obviously increased agronomic efficiency, recovery efficiency, physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer.

Key words: spring maize, soil carbon storage, soil moisture., soil nitrogen storage, soil rotation tillage