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Cadmium pollution in soil and rice plants in Zhangyizhan Town of Zhangshi irrigation area of Shenyang.

FU Yu-hao1,2,3, LI Feng-mei1,3*, GUO Shu-hai1,3, WU Bo1,3, ZHANG Ling-yan1,3#br#   

  1. (1Instituteof Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3NationalLocal Joint Engineering Laboratory of Contaminated Soil Remediation by Biophysicochemical Synergistic Process, Shenyang 110016, China).
  • Online:2017-07-10 Published:2017-07-10

Abstract:

Samples of paddy soil and rice plants were collected in the Zhangyizhan Town, which was located in downstream area of Zhangshi, Shenyang, China. Total Cd and different fractionations of Cd in soil and rice plants were determined. The pollution status of soil and brown rice was analyzed by single factor pollution index method. The factors that affected Cd uptake of plants were investigated according to the analysis of Cd migration coefficient and Cd enrichment factor in plants, contribution rate of different Cd fractionations to plants, and the relationship between Cd fractionations and soil physicochemical properties. Results showed that Cd concentrations in soil ranged from 0.47 mg·kg-1 to 2.49 mg·kg-1, which exceeded the second class soil standard in China’s Soil Environment Quality Standard (GB 15618-1995). Compared to the soil background value, the concentrations of Cd were 1.47-12.11 times more than the local background value in Shenyang. The proportions of different Cd species in studied soils were: Residual fraction>weakacid soluble fraction >reducible fraction >oxidizable fraction. The amount of Cd accumulated in different parts of rice followed the order of root>stem>leaf>grain. In addition, the Cd concentration of 41.6% brown rice samples exceeded the pollution limit for food and classified as slight pollution. The accumulation of Cd in rice, the migration ability of Cd in rice plants and the distribution of Cd in soil were important factors affecting the uptake of Cd in rice. The largest contribution to the uptake of plants came from weakacid soluble fraction and reducible fraction. There were significant negative correlations between weakacid soluble and reducible fractions and soil characters such as pH and CEC.
 

Key words: climate change, soil microbe, soil enzyme, ecological stoichiometry