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Urban landscape classification system under influences of atmospheric environment: A case study in Beijing.

LUAN Qing-zu1,2,3, LI Bo3*, ZHANG Xin-shi3   

  1. (1Institute of Urban Meteorological, CMA, Beijing 100089, China; 2Beijing Municipal Climate Center, Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Beijing 100089, China; 3Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China).
  • Online:2019-05-10 Published:2019-05-10

Abstract: Scientific landscape classification system is a precondition requirement in research on atmospheric environment impacts of urban landscape pattern. However, there is no universal landscape classification system, especially lacking a landscape classification system under influences of atmospheric environment. After reviewing theories in landscape classification and methods in surface classification in meteorology, we proposed a landscape classification system oriented for the influence of atmospheric environment according to the nature of urban landscape and the characteristics of physical composition, which is a three-layer system consisting of landscape class, landscape sub-class and landscape type, using land use types and urban land surface parameters as classification criteria. Then, a case study was carried out in Beijing where urban expanding has significant influence on atmospheric environment. We analyzed potential impacts of urban landscape pattern on regional atmosphere through the landscape classification map produced by 3S technology. The results showed that landscape affected by human activities was in relatively high level among the first landscape classes. In second landscape sub-classes, woodland contributed the largest part (54.73%), while cities and towns contributed 15.09%. Among third landscape types, C7 was the matrix of cities and towns, and C3, C2 and C6 held percent less than 0.1% respectively, which implied that landscape with high surface roughness was still rare and helpful for atmospheric ventilation. The proposed classification system could reflect actual features of all kinds of landscape classes that produced impacts on atmospheric environment, which was helpful for understanding the effects of urban landscape on atmospheric environment and providing suggestions for urban planning and atmospheric management.

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