Effect of soil compaction on Vicia faba of growth in the Loess Plateau

Abstract

Abstract: The effect of soil compaction on the growth of Vicia faba was studied by pot experiment,field plot experiment, and farmers'field production during two consecutive years.The results showed that increasing soil bulk density at 0～7 cm depth significantly decreased the root and shoot dry weight per plant, increased plant mortality caused by Fusarium species, and decreased seed yields.Field experiments indicated that compared to the plants grown on the plots with soil bulk density of 1.55 and 1.64 g·cm^-3,the root and shoot dry weight of plants grown on the plots with soil bulk density of 1.84g·cm^-3 decreased by 30.8% and 27.9%, respectively, while the plant mortality rate increased by 21.0～48.7%,and seed yields decreased by 19.8%.The trials conducted on eight farmers'land illustrated that there existed significant negative correlations between soil bulk density in Spring and root and shoot dry weight of Vicia faba seedlings, and between soil bulk density in Autumn and seed yields. The causes of high soil compaction were discussed,and suggestions for improving soil quality were presented.

CLC Number:

S551.406

NAN Zhibiao, ZHAO Hongyang, NIE Bin . Effect of soil compaction on Vicia faba of growth in the Loess Plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (8): 935-938.

References

[1] Alakukku L, Elonen P.1995.Long-term effects of a single compaction by heavy field traffic on yield and nitrogen uptake of annual crops. Soil Till Res, 36: 141～152
[2] Arvidsson J.1998.Influence of soil texture and organic matter content on bulk density, air content, compression index and crop yield in field and laboratory compression experiments. Soil Till Res, 49(1～2):159～170
[3] China Association of Agricultural Science Society(中国农学会).2000.Soil Chemical Analysis Methods. Beijing:China Agriculturral Press.272～276(in Chinese)
[4] Dawkins TCK, Brereton JC.1984.The effects of poor soil physical conditions on the growth and yield of Vicia faba. In: Hebblethwaith PD,Dawkins TCK and Heath MC eds.Vicia faba:Agronomy, Physiology and Breeding. Boston:Martinus Nijhoff and Dr W. Junk Publishers. 113～126
[5] Grath T, Arvidsson J.1997.Effect of soil compaction on plant nutrition uptake and growth of peas and barley on a sandy loam. Swedish J Agric Res, 27: 95～104
[6] Gupta SC, Sharma PP, DeFranchi SA.1989.Compaction effects on soil structure. Adv Agron, 42: 311～333
[7] Huang X-X(黄细喜).1988.The wheat growth affected by the soil compaction and layers. Acta Pedol Sin (土壤学报), 25(1): 25～65 (in Chinese)
[8] Jensen LS, McQueen DJ, Shepherd TG.1996.Effects of soil compaction on N-mineralization and microbial C and N Ⅰ. Field measurements. Soil Till Res,38:175～188
[9] Li C-J(李春杰), Nan Z-B(南志标).1996.Survey of faba bean root rot in Linxia Perfecture.Plant Protec (植物保护), 6: 25～26 (in Chinese)
[10] Li C-J(李春杰), Nan Z-B(南志标).2000.Effects of soil moisture contents on root rot and growth of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Acta Phytopathol Sin (植物病理学报), 30(3): 245～249 (in Chinese)
[11] Miller DE, Burke DW.1974.Influence of soil bulk density and water potential on fusarium root rot of beans.Phytopathology, 64: 526～529
[12] Nan Z-B(南志标),Wang S-Y(王淑英),Liu F(刘福).1992.Root rot complex of broad bean:Pathogen, environment and disease control.In:Ren JZ ed. Proceedlings of International Conference on Farming Systems on the Loess Plateau of China.Lanzhou:Gansu Science and Technology Press. 169～174 (in Chinese)
[13] Nan ZB, Wang SY,Li HL.1993.Root rot disease complex of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) in Gansu Province,China.In:Caron M ed. Abstracts of the 6th International Congress of Plant Pathology. Ottawa, Canada: National Research Council Canada.284
[14] Nanjing Institute of Soil Science,CAS(中国科学院南京土壤研究所).1978.Soil Physical and Chemnical Analysis. Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press. 511～514(in Chinese)
[15] Oussible M, Crookston RK, Larson WE.1992.Subsurface compaction reduces the root and shoot growth and grain yield of wheat. Agron J,84: 34～38
[16] Radford BJ, Wilson AC, Simpson GB,et al.2001.Compacted soil affects soil macrofauna populations in a semi-arid environment in central Queensland. Soil Biol Biochem, 33: 12～13
[17] Sills MJ, Carrow RN.1982.Soil compaction effects on nitrogen use in tall fescue. J Amer Soc Hort Sci, 107(5): 934～937
[18] Stirzaker RJ, Passioura JB, Wilms Y.1996.Soil structure and plant growth: Impact of bulk density and biopores. Plant Soil, 185: 151～162
[19] Tu JC, Buttery BR.1988.Soil compaction reduces nodulation, nodule efficiency, and growth of soybean and white bean. Hort Sci, 23: 722～724
[20] Tu JC, Tan CS.1991.Effect of soil compaction on growth, yield and root rots of white beans in clay loam and sandy loam soil. Soil Biol Biochem, 23(3): 233～238
[21] Tu JC, Tan CS.1988.Soil compaction effect on photosynthesis, root rot severity, and growth of white beans. Can J Soil Sci, 68: 455～459
[22] Whalley WR, Dumitru E, Dexter AR.1995.Biological effects of soil compaction. Soil Till Res, 35: 53～68
[23] Yang HS, Janssen BH.1997.Analysis of impact of farming practices on dynamic of soil organic matter in northern China. Europ J Agron, 7(1-3): 211～219
[24] Zimmerman RP, Kardos LT.1961.Effect of bulk density on root growth. Soil Sci, 91:280～288