Abstract: The distribution pattern and spatial correlation of Betula ermanii population in Changbai Mountain were studied using the theory of geostatistics. According to the data,these mivariograms of Betula ermanii volume were calaculated,the models of semivariograms were simulated, and Kriging interpolation was also done to draw the Kriging map. The results showed that at the elevation of 1650～1700m, the semivariograms of Betula ermanii volume could be described as spherical model,the spatial distribution pattern was the aggregated type,and the population was in a trend of declining.At the elevation of 1750～2000m, the semivariograms of Betula ermanii volume could be described as linear model, the spatial distribution pattern was the random type, the population was stable.At the elevation of 2000～2150m, the semivariograms of Betula ermanii volume could be described as spherical model,the spatial distribution pattern was the aggregated type,and the population was in a tend of increasing. Betula ermanii population in Changbai Moutain was in a trend of moving upper,especially Betula ermanii population in the ecotone.