Phenotypic variations in cones and seeds of natural Cupressus chengiana populations in China

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201703.001

Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 748-756.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201703.001

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Phenotypic variations in cones and seeds of natural Cupressus chengiana populations in China

FENG Qiu-hong¹, SHI Zuo-min^2*, XU Zheng-jing-ru^1,3, MIAO Ning⁴, TANG Jing-chao², LIU Xing-liang¹, ZHANG Lei⁵

¹Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
²Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China
³Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
⁴Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
⁵Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2016-07-19 Published:2017-03-18
Contact: *E-mail: shizm@caf.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by National Science & Technology Support Plan (2012BAD22B0102)

Abstract

Abstract: A total of 13 phenotypic traits from 11 natural populations of Cupressus chengiana were investigated by using nested analysis, variation coefficient, phenotypic traits differentiation coefficient, and un-weighted pair-group method by arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis. Phenotypic variations among and within populations of C. chengiana were discussed, the relationship among phenotypic traits and that between phenotypic traits and environmental factors were analyzed, and the 11 populations were divided. The results showed that there was significant difference in phenotypic variation both between and within populations. Variation within populations (49.7%) was greater than that between populations (28.6%). The mean coefficient of phenotypic differentiation between populations was 43.4% suggesting the differentiation between populations was relatively larger. The average variation coefficient of cone mass was the highest (37.2%), followed by seed mass in single cone, and that of cone length was the smallest (8.0%) indicating the cone length was the most stable phenotypic trait. The phenotypic diversity was greatest in Kangding County and smallest in Wudu County. The mean annual temperature of the hottest month and mean annual precipitation of growing season were the main environmental factors on phenotypic diversity in cones and seeds of C. chengiana in the study region. According to the 13 phenotypic traits, the 11 populations could be divided into two groups and three subgroups, which showed how C. chengiana distributed in three watersheds. Phenotypic traits in cones and seeds of C. chengiana populations were the best in Daduhe River watershed, and those were the worst in Minjiang River watershed.

FENG Qiu-hong, SHI Zuo-min, XU Zheng-jing-ru, MIAO Ning, TANG Jing-chao, LIU Xing-liang, ZHANG Lei. Phenotypic variations in cones and seeds of natural Cupressus chengiana populations in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(3): 748-756.

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Phenotypic variations in cones and seeds of natural Cupressus chengiana populations in China

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