Effects of drought and rewatering on growth and photosynthetic physioecological characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolia.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201806.007

Abstract

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of drought and rewatering on growth and photosynthetic physioecological characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, with 2-year-old seedlings as test materials. There are three treatments, i.e., light drought stress (soil water content 14.3%-16.2%), moderate drought stress(10.6%-12.5%) and severe drought stress (6.8%-8.7%), with the control (21.8%-23.7%). The results showed that with the increases of drought stress, the dry mass per plant, height, basal diameter, leaf number, and leaf area significantly decreased, and length of the main root and the secondary root increased. The gas exchange parameters gradually decreased with the increases of drought stress. The level of P_n was caused by stomatal factors from 10:00 to 14:00 and by non-stomatal factors after 14:00. Apparent CO₂ use efficiency (CUE) of X. sorbifolia was obviously increased under the moderate and severe drought stress. With the increases of drought stress, F_v/F_o, F_v/F_m, q_P, ETR and Ф_PSⅡ gradually decreased, and NPQ gradually increased. The changes of all those characters after rewatering were contrary to those after drought. After rewatering for eight days, F_v/F_o, F_v/F_m, q_P, ETR, Ф_PS_Ⅱwere significantly higher than that of drought stress treated for 30 days. With the increases of drought stress, SOD and POD activities and MDA content gradually increased, but CAT activity decreased, showing the contrary changes after rewatering. After rewatering, the root activity under drought stress increased. X. sorbifolia was strongly resistant to heavy drought stress, and thus could be widely used as energy or garden plants in garden landscaping in North China.

XIE Zhi-yu, ZHANG Wen-hui. Effects of drought and rewatering on growth and photosynthetic physioecological characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolia.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(6): 1759-1767.

References

[1] Guo W-H (郭卫华), Li B (李波), Zhang X-S (张新时), et al. The impact of water stress on transpiration indices in Hippophae rhamnoides and Caragana intermedia. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2007, 27(10): 4132-4140 (in Chinese)
[2] Wang L-G (王良桂), Zhang C-X (张春霞), Peng F-R (彭方仁), et al. Effects of drought stress on the fluorescence characteristics of four type of Catalpa spp. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science) (南京林业大学学报:自然科学版), 2008, 32(6): 119-122 (in Chinese)
[3] Jiang G-M (蒋高明). Review on some hot topics towards the researches in the field of plant physioecology. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 2001, 25(5): 514-519 (in Chinese)
[4] Gao S-M (高述民), Ma K (马凯), Du X-H (杜希华), et al. Advances in research on Xanthoceras sorbifolia. Chinese Bulletin of Botany (植物学通报), 2002, 19(3): 296-301 (in Chinese)
[5] Du X-H (杜希华), Lu H (陆海), Gao S-M (高述民), et al. Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs associated with male-fertility in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报), 2003, 25(5): 29-33 (in Chinese)
[6] Fu Y-J (付玉杰), Zhang N-J (张乃静), Wang L-L (王黎丽), et al. Ultrasonic extraction of oil from Xanthoceras sorbifolia kernels and its composition analysis by GC-MS. Bulletin of Botanical Research (植物研究), 2007, 27(5): 622-625 (in Chinese)
[7] Lin B (刘斌), Zhang W-H (张文辉), Ma C (马闯), et al. Physiological responses of different willow’s clones to NaCl stress. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2010, 30(4): 895-904 (in Chinese)
[8] Nijs I, Ferris R, Blum H, et al. Stomatal regulation in a changing climate: A field study using free air temperature increase (FATI) and free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE). Plant, Cell and Environment 1997, 20: 1041-1050
[9] He W-M (何维明), Xu F-Y (马风云). Effects of water gradient on fluorescence characteristics and gas exchange in Sabina vulgaris seedlings. Acta Phytoecolo-gica Sinica (植物生态学报), 2000, 24(5): 630- 634 (in Chinese)
[10] Zhang Z-L (张志良). The Experimental Guide for Plant Physiology. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2003: 123-124, 39-41 (in Chinese)
[11] Li H-S (李合生). Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiological Biochemical Experiment. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2000: 167-169 (in Chinese)
[12] Trevor E, Kraus R, Austin F. Paclobutrazol protects wheat seedlings from heat and paraquat injury is detoxification of active oxygen involved. Plant and Cell Physiology, 1994, 35: 45-52
[13] Wang J-Y (王晶英), Ao H (敖红), Zhang J (张杰). Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiological Biochemical Experiment. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University Press, 2003: 135-136 (in Chinese)
[14] Wu Q-M (吴起明). The leaf area index measurement of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami. Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology (福建林业科技), 2001, 28(2): 68-70 (in Chinese)
[15] Genty B, Briantais JM, Baker NR. The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1989, 990: 87-92
[16] Goedheer JC. Fluorescence in relation to photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1972, 23: 87-112
[17] Krause GH, Weis E. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in plant physiology. Photosynthesis Research, 1984, 5: 139-157
[18] Wang W-L (王万里). The effect of water stress on plant. Plant Physiology Communications (植物生理学通讯), 1981(5): 55-64 (in Chinese)
[19] Zhou J (周建), Yang L-F (杨立峰), Hao F-G (郝峰鸽), et al. Photosynthesis and chlorophyll-fluorescence of Magnolia grandiflora seedlings under low temperature stress. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 2009, 29(1): 136-142 (in Chinese)
[20] Ying Z-Y (应朝阳), Lyu L-X (吕亮雪), Liu G-D (刘国道), et al. Effect of soil drought stress on the growth and active oxygen metabolism of Arachis duranensis. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops (热带作物学报), 2006, 27(1): 17-20 (in Chinese)
[21] Lu B-S (路丙社), Bai Z-Y (白志英), Cui J-Z (崔建州), et al. The effect of relative soil water content on photosynthesis in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) leaves. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei (河北农业大学学报), 2004, 27(1): 43-46 (in Chinese)
[22] Tang Z-C (汤章城). On the study of drought ecophysio-logy in plants. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 1983, 3(3): 196-204 (in Chinese)
[23] Farquhar GD, Sharkey TD. Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1982, 33: 317-345
[24] Duan X-F (段学芬), Guo J (郭靖), Sun F-J (孙福江), et al. Photosynthesis characteristics of America black raspberry in response to water stress. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei (河北农业大学学报), 2009, 32(2): 71-73 (in Chinese)
[25] Zhu J-J (朱教君), Kang H-Z (康宏樟), Li Z-H (李智辉). Impact of water stress on survival and photosynthesis of Mongolian pine seedlings on sandy land. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2005, 25(10): 2527-2533 (in Chinese)
[26] Song Q-H (宋清海), Zhang Y-P (张一平), Zheng Z (郑征), et al. Physiology and ecology of Pometia tomentosa photosynthesis in tropical seasonal rain forest. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2006, 17(6): 961-966 (in Chinese)
[27] Shi Q (施钦), Yin Y-L (殷云龙), Wang Z-Q (王芝权), et al. Response in cuttings of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ and their parents to drought and re-hydration. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2016, 27(11): 3435-3443 (in Chinese)
[28] Gunderson CA. Foliar gas exchange responses of two deciduous hardwoods during 3 years of growth in elevated CO₂:NO loss of photosynthetic enhancement. Plant, Cell and Environment, 1993, 16: 797-807
[29] Rogers HH. Responses of selected plant species to elevated carbon dioxide in the field. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1985, 12: 569-574
[30] Heitholt JJ. Water use efficiency and dry matter distribution in nitrogen and water-stressed winter wheat. Agronomy Journal, 1989, 81: 464-469
[31] Jie Y-L (接玉玲), Yang H-Q (杨洪强), Cui M-G (崔明刚), et al. Relation between soil water content and water use efficiency of apple leaves. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2001, 12(3): 387-390 (in Chinese)
[32] Zheng S-X (郑淑霞), Shangguan Z-P (上官周平). Comparison of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in eight broad-leaved tree species. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2006, 26(4): 1080-1087 (in Chinese)
[33] Li X (李晓), Feng W (冯伟), Zeng X-C (曾晓春). Advances in chlorophyll fluorescence analysis and its uses. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 2006, 26(10): 2186-2196 (in Chinese)
[34] Zhang Y-Q (张永强), Mao X-S (毛学森), Sun H-Y (孙宏勇). Effects of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence of winter wheat. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture (中国生态农业学报), 2002, 10(4): 13-15 (in Chinese)
[35] Thomas DS, Turner DW. Banana (Musa sp.) leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in response to soil drought, shading and lamina folding. Scientia Horticulturae, 2001, 90: 93-108
[36] Van KO. The use of chlorophyll nomen-clature in plant stress physiology. Photosynthesis Research, 1990, 25: 147-150
[37] Cao L (曹玲), Wang Q-C (王庆成), Cui D-H (崔东海). Impact of soil cadmium contamination on chlorophyll fluorescence characters and biomass accumulation of four broad-leaved tree species seedlings. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2006, 17(5): 769-772 (in Chinese)
[38] Li Y-J (李延菊), Li X-L (李宪利), Gao D-S (高东升), et al. Fluorescence characteristics of chlorophyll in almond leaves. Deciduous Fruits (落叶果树), 2006, 38(3): 1-4 (in Chinese)
[39] Wang L-G (王良桂). Effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of radish seedlings. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 2005, 25(3): 488-496 (in Chinese)
[40] Fernandez RT, Perry RL, Flore JA. Drought response of young apple trees on three rootstocks. II. Gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, water relations, and leaf abscisic acid. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1997, 122: 841-848
[41] Sun J-K (孙景宽), Zhang W-H (张文辉), Lu Z-H (陆兆华), et al. Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. and Grewia biloba G. Don var. parviflora (Bge.) Hand. -Mazz. seedlings under drought stress. Bulletin of Botanical Research (植物研究), 2009, 29(2): 216-223 (in Chinese)
[42] Li Y-Y (李阳阳), Geng Q-Y (耿青云), Fei C (费聪), et al. Physiological responses of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to drought stress during vegetative development period under drip irrigation. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2016, 27(1): 201-206 (in Chinese)
[43] Hu J-J (胡景江), Gu Z-Y (顾振瑜), Wen J-L (文建雷). Effect of water stress on menbrane lipid peroxidation in maple. Journal of Northwest Forestry University (西北林学院学报), 1999, 14(2): 7-11 (in Chinese)
[44] Kuang L-G (邝立刚). The wilting phenomenon of Jujube in arid hillside fields. Journal of Northeast Forestry University (东北林业大学学报), 2001, 29(4): 101-103 (in Chinese)
[45] Yang S-Q (杨顺强), Ren G-X (任广鑫), Yang G-H (杨改河). Effects of water-stress on osmoregulation substances and chlorophyll fluorescent parameter for forage grass. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 2007, 27(9): 1826-1832 (in Chinese)
[46] Bu L-D (卜令铎), Zhang R-H (张仁和), Han M-M (韩苗苗). The physiological mechanism of compensation effect in maize leaf by re-watering after draught stress. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica (西北农业学报), 2009, 18(2): 88-92 (in Chinese)
[47] Xue J-Y (薛建永), Zhang W-H (张文辉), Liu X-C (刘新成). The tolerance of different energy willow’s clones to soil Cd contamination. Bulletin of Botanical Research (植物研究), 2008, 28(4): 491-496 (in Chinese)
[48] Hao S-R (郝树荣), Guo X-P (郭相平), Wang W-M (王为木), et al. Effects of water stress in tillering stage and re-watering on rice root growth. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2007, 25(1): 149-152 (in Chinese)