Sources and pollution characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes and conditional pathogenic bacteria in concentrated swine feeding operation.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201808.037

Abstract

Abstract: Air in concentrated animal feeding operations contains antibiotic resistance genes and airborne pathogens, with potential threat to human and animal health. In this study, air was sampled in the living area, outside, and inside of a fattening pig house in a pig farm for 24 and 48 hours. Feedstuffs, drinking water additives, and feces in the pig house were collected. Three kinds of antibiotic resistance genes (macrolide, β-lactam, and tetracycline) and seven pathogenic microorganisms (Campylobacter, Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus suis) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Six genes with high detection rates were selected, with their concentrations being determined by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results showed that three macrolide and two tetracycline resistance genes were detected in all air samples. Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Staphylococcus spp. were detected in air samples and drinking water additive. The concentrations of most target genes were above 10⁴ copies·m^-3. The gene concentrations near the pig house were much higher than those in the living area. Main sources of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens in the air were pig manure and drinking water additive. Sampling time of 24 h in the pig farm met the requirements for PCR detection. Sampling time of 48 h had a higher sampling efficiency than that of 24 h in the living area of the pig farm, whereas sampling time of 24 h was more appropriate than that of 48 h in high bioaerosol concentration area such as the pig house.

LIU Chang-li, ZHENG Guo-di, WANG Lei, CHEN Tong-bin, SHAO Zhu-ze, CHEN Lin. Sources and pollution characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes and conditional pathogenic bacteria in concentrated swine feeding operation.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(8): 2730-2738.

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