Effect of straw belt-mulching on soil temperature and yield of winter wheat in rain-fed semiarid region.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201809.023

Abstract

Abstract: To evaluate the effects of straw belt-covering on soil temperature and yield of winter wheat in rain-fed semiarid region in Northwest China, five mulching modes, including flat field planting without any mulching (CK), whole plastic film mulching (PM), straw mulching by 30 cm covering belt with an interval of 30 cm planting belt with three-row sowing (SM₁), straw mulching by 40 cm covering belt with an interval of 40 cm planting belt with four-row sowing (SM₂), and straw mulching by 50 cm covering belt with an interval of 50 cm planting belt with five-row sowing (SM₃), were set by two-year fixed-site trails in 2013-2015. The results showed that soil temperature significantly varied among different growth stages and soil layers in all treatments. SM₁, SM₂ and SM₃ significantly decreased soil temperature by 1.0-1.3 ℃, 0.7-0.9 ℃ and 0.7-1.1 ℃ in the 0-25 cm soil layer, respectively. The mulching had double effects with increasing and decreasing soil temperatures. The straw mulching significantly increased soil temperature in the duration of seedling to overwintering stage, but greatly decreased soil temperature in the duration of reviving to mature stage. The temperature-increasing effect of film mulching was stronger than that of straw mulching, which was opposite to the temperature-decreasing effect. Straw mulching significantly reduced in the effective accumulated temperature and the daily temperature variations during the whole growth stages. The effective accumulated temperature under straw mulching decreased by 3.4-33.5 ℃·d, and the soil temperature difference decreased by 0.6-2.0 ℃. During over-wintering stage, the straw mulching showed a higher average soil temperature (0.2-0.3 ℃) and negative accumulated temperature (0.4-17.0 ℃·d) than those under the CK. The straw mulching significantly increased grain yield by 11.9%-19.5%. The variations of spikes per unit area were the main factor responsible for yield difference. The findings indicated that that straw mulching method is suitable for winter wheat production in rain-fed region of Northwest China.

CHANG Lei, HAN Fan-xiang, CHAI Yu-wei, YANG De-long, YANG Chang-gang, CHENG Hong-bo, HUANG Cai-xia, CHAI Shou-xi. Effect of straw belt-mulching on soil temperature and yield of winter wheat in rain-fed semiarid region.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(9): 2949-2958.

References

[1] Bi Y-Y (毕于运), Gao C-Y (高春雨), Wang Y-J (王亚静), et al. Estimation of straw resources in China. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报), 2009, 25(12): 211-217 (in Chinese)
[2] Bakr N, Elbana TA, Arceneaux AE, et al. Runoff and water quality from highway hillsides: Influence compost/mulch. Soil & Tillage Research, 2015, 150: 158-170
[3] Jordn A, Zavala LM, Gil J. Effects of mulching on soil physical properties and runoff under semi-arid conditions in southern Spain. Catena, 2010, 81: 77-85
[4] Ram H, Dadhwal V, Vashist KK, et al. Grain yield and water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in relation to irrigation levels and rice straw mulching in North West India. Agricultural Water Management, 2013, 128: 92-101
[5] Zhang F, Zhang WJ, Qi JG, et al. A regional evaluation of plastic film mulching for improving crop yields on the Loess Plateau of China. Agricultural and Forest Meteoro-logy, 2018, 248: 458-468
[6] Pramanik P, Bandyopadhyay KK, Bhaduri D, et al. Effect of mulch on soil thermal regimes: A review. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology, 2015, 8: 645-658
[7] Olasantan FO. Effect of time of mulching on soil tempera-ture and moisture regime and emergence, growth and yield of white yam in western Nigeria. Soil & Tillage Research, 1999, 50: 215-221
[8] Hou P, Cui Z, Bu L, et al. Evaluation of a modified hybrid-maize model incorporating a newly developed module of plastic film mulching. Crop Science, 2014, 54: 2796-2804
[9] Li YS, Wu LH, Zhao LM, et al. Influence of continuous plastic film mulching on yield, water use efficiency and soil properties of rice fields under non-flooding condition. Soil & Tillage Research, 2007, 93: 370-378
[10] Liu Y, Shen Y, Yang S, et al. Effect of mulch and irrigation practices on soil water, soil temperature and the grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in Loess Plateau, China. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2011, 6: 2175-2182
[11] Fan YQ, Ding RS, Kang SZ, et al. Plastic mulch decreases available energy and evapotranspiration and improves yield and water use efficiency in an irrigated maize cropland. Agricultural Water Management, 2017, 179: 122-131
[12] Komariah, Ito K, Senge M, et al. The influences of organic mulches on soil moisture content and temperatures: A case study of tapioca wastes application. Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 2008, 14: 1-8
[13] Stagnari F, Galieni A, Speca S, et al. Effects of straw mulch on growth and yield of durum wheat during transition to conservation agriculture in Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research, 2014, 167: 51-63
[14] Ramakrishna A, Tam HM, Wani SP, et al. Effect of mulch on soil temperature, moisture, weed infestation and yield of groundnut in northern Vietnam. Field Crops Research, 2006, 95: 115-125
[15] Zhang S, Lvdahl L, Grip H, et al. Effects of mulching and catch cropping on soil temperature, soil moisture and wheat yield on the Loess Plateau of China. Soil & Tillage Research, 2009, 102: 78-86
[16] Cao JS, Zhou X, Zhang WJ, et al. Effects of mulching on soil temperature and moisture in the rain-fed farmland of summer corn in the Taihang Mountain of China. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 2012, 10: 519-523
[17] Sidhu AS, Sekhon NK, Thind SS, et al. Soil temperature, growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) as affected by wheat straw mulch. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2007, 53: 95-102
[18] Wang H, Wang CB, Zhao XM, et al. Mulching increases water-use efficiency of peach production on the rainfed semiarid Loess Plateau of China. Agricultural Water Management, 2015, 154: 20-28
[19] Cook HF, Valdes SB, Lee HC. Mulch effects on rainfall interception, soil physical characteristics and temperature under Zea mays L. Soil & Tillage Research, 2006, 91: 227-235
[20] Ghosh PK, Dayal D, Bandyopadhyay KK, et al. Evalua-tion of straw and polythene mulch for enhancing productivity of irrigated summer groundnut. Field Crops Research, 2006, 99: 76-86
[21] Su W (苏旺), Zhang Y-P (张艳平), Qu Y (屈洋), et al. Effects of mulching patterns on soil water, broomcorn millet growth, photosynthetic characteristics and yield in the dryland of Loess Plateau in China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2014, 25(11): 3215-3222 (in Chinese)
[22] Abrantes J, Prats SA, Keizer JJ, et al. Effectiveness of the application of rice straw mulching strips in reducing runoff and soil loss: Laboratory soil flume experiments under simulated rainfall. Soil & Tillage Research, 2018, 180: 238-249
[23] Liu Y, Wang J, Liu DB, et al. Straw mulching reduces the harmful effects of extreme hydrological and temperature conditions in citrus orchards. PLoS One, 2014, 9(1): e87094
[24] Chen SY, Zhang XY, Pei D, et al. Soil evaporation and soil temperature in maize field mulched with wheat straw. Journal of Irrigation & Drainage, 2004, 23: 32-36
[25] Zhang GQ, Liu CW, Xiao CH, et al. Optimizing water use efficiency and economic return of super high yield spring maize under drip irrigation and plastic mulching in arid areas of China. Field Crops Research, 2017, 211: 137-146
[26] Chen J-K (陈继康), Li S-J (李素娟), Zhang Y (张宇), et al. Characteristics of soil temperature and response to air temperature under different tillage systems: Diurnal dynamic of soil temperature and its response to air temperature. Scientia Agricultura Sinica (中国农业科学), 2009, 42(7): 2592-2600 (in Chinese)
[27] Kader MA, Senge M, Mojid MA, et al. Recent advances in mulching materials and methods for modifying soil environment. Soil & Tillage Research, 2017, 168: 155-166
[28] Dahiya R, Ingwersen J, Streck T. The effect of mulching and tillage on the water and temperature regimes of a loess soil: Experimental findings and modeling. Soil & Tillage Research, 2007, 96: 52-63
[29] Balwinder-Singh, Eberbach PL, Humphreys E, et al. The effect of rice straw mulch on evapotranspiration, transpiration and soil evaporation of irrigated wheat in Punjab, India. Agricultural Water Management, 2011, 98: 1847-1855
[30] Hu Q, Feng S. A daily soil temperature dataset and soil temperature climatology of the contiguous United States. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 2018, 42: 1139-1156
[31] Sinkevicˇien A, Jodaugien D, Pupalien R, et al. The influence of organic mulches on soil properties and crop yield. Agronomy Research, 2009, 7: 485-491
[32] Chen J-K (陈继康), Zhang Y (张宇), Chen J-S (陈军胜), et al. Characteristics of soil temperature and its response to air temperature under different tillage systems: Characteristics of soil temperature and thermal properties. Scientia Agricultura Sinica (中国农业科学), 2009, 42(8): 2747-2753 (in Chinese)
[33] Sarkar S, Singh SR. Interactive effect of tillage depth and mulch on soil temperature, productivity and water use pattern of rainfed barley (Hordium vulgare L.). Soil & Tillage Research, 2007, 92: 79-86
[34] Awe GO, Reichert JM, Wendroth OO. Temporal variability and covariance structures of soil temperature in a sugarcane field under different management practices in Southern Brazil. Soil & Tillage Research, 2015, 150: 93-106
[35] Ram H, Singh YS, Saini, et al. Agronomic and economic evaluation of permanent raised beds, no tillage and straw mulching for an irrigated maize-wheat system in northwest India. Experimental Agriculture, 2012, 48: 21-38
[36] Liu W (刘炜), Gao Y-J (高亚军), Yang J-L (杨君林), et al. Effect of straw mulching on soil temperature before the greening stage of winter wheat in dryland. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2007, 25(4): 197-201 (in Chinese)
[37] Lu J-J (芦俊俊), Liu W (刘炜), Yang J-L (杨君林), et al. Effect of different mulching cultivation models on soil temperature during wintering period of winter wheat in dryland. Journal of Triticeae Crops (麦类作物学报), 2013, 36(6): 1181-1189 (in Chinese)
[38] Li Q-Q (李全起), Chen Y-H (陈雨海),Yu S-Z (于舜章), et al. Micro-climate of winter wheat field under the conditions of irrigation and straw mulching. Acta Agronomica Sinica (作物学报), 2006, 32(2): 306-309 (in Chinese)
[39] Zhang S, Lvdahl L, Grip H, et al. Effects of mulching and catch cropping on soil temperature, soil moisture and wheat yield on the Loess Plateau of China. Soil & Tillage Research, 2009, 102: 78-86
[40] Gao Y-J (高亚军), Li S-X (李生秀). Cause and mechanism of crop yield reduction under straw mulch in dryland. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报), 2005, 21(7): 15-19 (in Chinese)
[41] Wang J (王俊), Li F-M (李凤民), Song Q-H (宋秋华). Effects of plastic film mulching on soil temperature and moisture and on yield formation of spring wheat. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2003, 14(2): 205-210 (in Chinese)
[42] Zhou L-Y (周凌云). Effects of straw mulch on soil physical conditions in field. Research of Agricultural Modernization (农业现代化研究), 1997, 18(5): 311-313 (in Chinese)
[43] Chen S-Y (陈素英), Zhang X-Y (张喜英), Pei D (裴冬), et al. Effects of corn straw mulching on soil temperature and soil evaporation of winter wheat field. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报), 2005, 21(10): 171-173 (in Chinese)