Variations of soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity in the reversion process of desertification in the eastern Hobq Desert, China

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202001.005

Abstract

Abstract: To clarify the effects of desertification reversal on soil respiration rate (R_s) and its temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀), five different reversal stages were selected: mobile dune, semi-fixed sandland, algae crust fixed sandland, lichen crust fixed sandland, and moss crust fixed sandland in the eastern Hobq Desert. R_s at different stages were measured by static chamber-gas chromatography and the Q₁₀was calculated. We analyzed the effects of environmental factors on R_s. The results showed that R_s gradually increased with sand fixation and vegetation succession: moss crust fixed sandland (0.78 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)> lichen crust fixed sandland (0.67 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)> algae crust fixed sandland (0.46 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)> semi-fixed sandland (0.42 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)> mobile dune (0.29 μmol·m^-2·s^-1). The R_s of growing season was higher than that of non-growing season. Q₁₀ of R_s at different reversal stages followed the order: mobile dune (3.28)> semi-fixed sandland (2.93)> algae crust fixed sandland (2.54)> lichen crust fixed sandland (1.91)> moss crust fixed sandland (1.84). The Q₁₀ of non-growing season was higher than that of growing season. There was positive correlation between R_s and soil temperature. R_s of mobile and semi-fixed sand was positively correlated with soil water content, but not in other three fixed sandlands. R_s was correlated with soil total nitrogen, organic carbon, bulk density, porosity, quantity of bacteria, quantity of actinomycetes and quantity of fungi. Our results indicated that in the process of desertification reversal, the increases of soil organic carbon and nitrogen content and the abundance of microbes, the improvement of soil texture and the accumulation of plant biomass could dramatically enhance soil respiration and reduce its temperature sensitivity, which were the main driving forces to change carbon cycle of desert soil, and mediate the effects of soil water on soil respiration.

WANG Bo, DUAN Yu-xi, WANG Wei-feng, LIU Zong-qi, LI Xiao-jing, LIU Yuan. Variations of soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity in the reversion process of desertification in the eastern Hobq Desert, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(1): 104-112.

References

[1] Bond-Lamberty B, Thomson A. Temperature-associated increases in the global soil respiration record. Nature, 2010, 464: 579-582
[2] Fu SL, Cheng WX. Rhizosphere priming effects on the decomposition of soil organic matter in C4 and C3 grassland soils. Plant and Soil, 2002, 238: 289-294
[3] Luo YQ. Terrestrial carbon-cycle feedback to climate warming. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2007, 38: 683-712
[4] 胡宜刚, 冯玉兰, 张志山, 等. 沙坡头人工植被固沙区生物结皮-土壤系统温室气体通量特征. 应用生态学报, 2014,25(1): 61-68 [Hu Y-G, Feng Y-L, Zhang Z-S, et al. Greenhouse gases fluxes of biological soil crusts and soil ecosystem in the artificial sand-fixing vegetation region in Shapotou area. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(1): 61-68]
[5] Osozawa S, Hasegawa S. Diel and seasonal changes in carbon dioxide concentration and flux in an arid soil. Soil Science, 1995 , 160: 117-124
[6] 柴汉魁, 冯金朝, 景元霞. 科尔沁沙地土壤呼吸空间分布及其变化特征研究. 干旱区地理, 2012, 35(3): 465-472 [Chai H-K, Feng J-C, Jing Y-X. Spatial distribution and change trait of soil respiration at the dunes in Hoqin Sand Land. Arid Land Geography, 2012, 35(3): 465-472]
[7] 康静, 任海燕, 王悦骅, 等. 短花针茅荒漠草原土壤呼吸对长期增温和氮素添加的响应. 干旱区资源与环境, 2019, 33(5): 151-157 [Kang J, Ren H-Y, Wang Y-H, et al. Responses of soil respiration to long-term climate warming and nitrogen fertilization in a de-sert steppe. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2019, 33(5): 151-157]
[8] Liu Q, Zhao C, Cheng X, et al. Soil respiration and carbon pools across a range of spruce stand ages, eas-tern Tibetan Plateau. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2015, 61: 440-449
[9] Castillo-Monroy AP, Maestre FT, Rey A, et al. Biological soil crust micro sites are the main contributor to soil respiration in a semiarid ecosystem. Ecosystems, 2011, 14: 835-847
[10] 刘殿君, 张金鑫, 卢琦, 等. 极端干旱区增雨对泡泡刺群落土壤呼吸温度敏感性的影响. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(3): 584-590 [Liu D-J, Zhang J-X, Lu Q, et al. Effects of rain supplementation on the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in Nitraria sphaerocarpa community in a hyperarid area of Dunhuang, China. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2016, 35(3): 584-590]
[11] 富利, 张勇勇, 赵文智. 荒漠-绿洲区不同土地利用类型土壤呼吸对温湿度的响应. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(9): 2690-2697 [Fu L, Zhang Y-Y, Zhao W-Z. Response of soil respiration to temperature and soil moisture under different land use types in a desert-oasis region, northwest China. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2018, 37(9): 2690-2697]
[12] Huxman TE, Snyder KA, Tissue D, et al. Precipitation pulses and carbon fluxes in semiarid and arid ecosystems. Oecologia, 2004, 141: 254-268
[13] 王新友, 马全林, 靳虎甲, 等. 石羊河下游人工梭梭林土壤呼吸变化特征及其与水热因子的关系. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(3): 570-580 [Wang X-Y, Ma Q-L, Jin H-J, et al. Soil respiration variation characteristics and its relationship with hydrothermic factor of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest in lower reaches of Shiyang River. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(3): 570-580]
[14] 高艳红, 刘立超, 贾荣亮, 等. 沙坡头人工植被演替过程的土壤呼吸特征. 生态学报, 2012, 32(8): 2474-2482 [Gao Y-H, Liu L-C, Jia R-L, et al. Soil respiration patterns during restoration of vegetation in the Shapotou area, Northern China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(8): 2474-2482]
[15] McCulley RL, Burke IC, Nelson JA, et al. Regional patterns in carbon cycling across the Great Plains of North America. Ecosystems, 2005, 8: 106-121
[16] Hanson PJ, Edwards NT, Garten CT, et al. Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration: A review of methods and observations. Biogeochemistry, 2000, 48: 115-146
[17] Sulzman EW, Brant JB, Bowden RD, et al. Contribution of aboveground litter, belowground litter, and rhizosphere respiration to total soil CO₂ efflux in an old growth coniferous forest. Biogeochemistry, 2005, 73: 231-256
[18] Zhang ZS, Li XR, Nowak RS, et al. Effect of sand-stabilizing shrubs on soil respiration in a temperate desert. Plant and Soil, 2013, 367: 449-463
[19] Fitter AH, Self GK, Brown TK, et al. Root production and turnover in an upland grassland subjected to artificial soil warming respond to radiation flux and nutrients, not temperature. Oecologia, 1999, 120: 575-581
[20] Priess JA, Koning GHJ, Veldkamp A. Assessment of interactions between land use change and carbon and nutrient fluxes in Ecuador. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2001, 85: 269-279
[21] Maestre FT, Cortina J. Small-scale spatial variation in soil CO₂ efflux in a Mediterranean semi arid steppe. Applied Soil Ecology, 2003, 23: 199-209
[22] Fang HJ, Yu GR, Cheng SL, et al. Effects of multiple environmental factors on CO₂ emission and CH₄ uptake from old-growth forest soils. Biogeosciences, 2010, 7: 395-407
[23] Sheng H, Yang Y, Yang Z, et al. The dynamic response of soil respiration to land-use changes in subtropical China. Global Change Biology, 2010, 16: 1107-1121
[24] 董斅晓, 薄元超, 张晓琳, 等. 农牧交错带半干旱草地生态系统土壤呼吸对短期不同放牧强度的响应. 草地学报, 2019, 27(1): 53-62 [Dong X-X, Bo Y-C, Zhang X-L, et al. Response of ecosystem soil respiration in semi-arid grassland to short-term grazing intensity in agro-pastoral ecotone. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2019, 27(1): 53-62]
[25] 李其, 刘琳, 蔡义民, 等. 川西北高寒沙化草地治理恢复过程中CO₂通量变化. 应用与环境生物学报, 2018, 24(3): 441-449 [Li Q, Liu L, Cai Y-M, et al. Changes in CO₂ flux for different recovery processes of desertification in the alpine meadows of Northwest Sichuan. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2018, 24(3): 441-449]
[26] 滕嘉玲, 贾荣亮, 胡宜刚, 等. 沙埋对干旱沙区生物结皮覆盖土壤温室气体通量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(3): 723-734 [Teng J-L, Jia R-L, Hu Y-G, et al. Effects of sand burial on fluxes of greenhouse gases from the soil covered by biocrust in an arid desert region. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(3): 723-734]
[27] Perera RS, Cullen BR, Eckard RJ. Growth and physiological responses of temperate pasture species to consecu-tive heat and drought stresses. Plants, 2019, 8: 227-250
[28] 吴金山, 张景欢, 李瑞杰, 等. 植物对干旱胁迫的生理机制及适应性研究进展. 山西农业大学学报: 自然科学版, 2017, 37(6): 452-456 [Wu J-S, Zhang J-H, Li R-J, et al. The plant’s physiological mechanism and adaptability to drought stress. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University: Natural Science, 2017, 37(6): 452-456]
[29] 陈书涛, 黄耀, 邹建文, 等. 中国陆地生态系统土壤呼吸的年际间变异及其对气候变化的响应. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2012, 42(8): 1273-1281 [Chen S-T, Huang Y, Zou J-W, et al. Interannual variability in soil respiration from terrestrial ecosystems in China and its response to climate change. Science China: Earth Science, 2012, 42(8): 1273-1281]
[30] 范跃新, 杨玉盛, 郭剑芬, 等. 中亚热带常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的变化. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(11): 1155-1165 [Fan Y-X, Yang Y-S, Guo J-F, et al. Changes in soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity at different successional stages of evergreen broadleaved forests in mid-subtropical China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(11): 1155-1165]
[31] Tang J, Bolstad PV, Martin JG. Soil carbon fluxes and stocks in a Great Lakes forest chronosequence. Global Change Biology, 2009, 15: 145-155
[32] Payeur-Poirier JL, Coursolle C, Margolis HA, et al. CO₂ fluxes of a boreal black spruce chronosequence in eastern North America. Agricultural and Forest Meteoro-logy, 2012, 153: 94-105
[33] 薛美瑛, 李春越, 党廷辉, 等. 碳磷添加对黄土区农田土壤呼吸及温度敏感性的影响. 地球环境学报, 2019, 10(1): 69-78 [Xue M-Y, Li C-Y, Dang T-H, et al. Effects of carbon and phosphorus additions on soil respiration and temperature sensitivity of farmland in the loess region. Journal of Earth Environment, 2019, 10(1): 69-78]
[34] Mahecha MD, Reichstein M, Carvalhais N, et al. Glo-bal convergence in the temperature sensitivity of respiration at ecosystem level. Science, 2010, 29: 838-840
[35] Peng SS, Piao SL, Wang T, et al. Temperature sensitivi-ty of soil respiration in different ecosystems in China. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2009, 41: 1008-1014