Spatial variability of soil water content in field of Guanzhong Plain, Northwest China

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202003.024

Abstract

Abstract: To clarify the spatial variability of soil water content at field scale, a reasonable sampling method was established to support precision irrigation in the field. Soil samples were collected from Caoxinzhuang experimental area in Yangling District, Shaanxi Province at seven different dates. The spatial variation of soil water content in different soil layers of 0-60 cm were analyzed with classical statistics and geostatistics methods. The results showed that spatial distribution of soil water content in field scale was weak and moderate. When soil water content was within the range of 11.7%-20.1%, soil water content was negatively correlated with spatial variability. Sampling interval signifi-cantly affected the calculation accuracy of the spatial variability of soil water content. The coefficient of variation of soil water content between the east-west direction spacing of 27 m and the north-south direction spacing of 9 m was about 3.3% higher than the east-west direction spacing of 9 m and the north-south direction spacing of 18 m. With increasing sampling density, the contour change of soil water content distribution increased, and the number of grids with the least spatial variability of soil water content at the field scale was 21 points. When the sampling spacing was 18 m in the east-west direction, 9 m in the north-south direction, soil water content at field scale had a high spatial distribution correlation with soil water content in the middle position being 3%-5% higher than the surrounding. Our results provided reference for reasonable sampling of soil water content in the Guanzhong Plain and could guide the precision irrigation in agriculture.

ZHANG Shi-qi, NIU Wen-quan, LI Guo-chun. Spatial variability of soil water content in field of Guanzhong Plain, Northwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(3): 821-828.

References 31

[1]	王全九, 毕磊, 张继红. 新疆包头湖灌区农田土壤水盐热特性空间变异特征. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(18): 138-145 [Wang Q-J, Bi L, Zhang J-H. Spatial variability analysis of large-scale soil water, salt and heat characteristics in Baotou Lake irrigation area of Xinjiang. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(18): 138-145]
[2]	刘继龙, 马孝义, 张振华. 土壤水盐空间异质性及尺度效应的多重分形. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26(1): 81-86 [Liu J-L, Ma X-Y, Zhang Z-H. Multifractal study on spatial variability of soil water and salt and its scale effect. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2010, 26(1): 81-86]
[3]	孔达, 王立权, 刘继龙, 等. 黑土区农田土壤含水量空间变异性的尺度效应研究. 水利学报, 2017, 48(5): 608-612 [Kong D, Wang L-Q, Liu J-L, et al. Scale effect of spatial variability of cropland soil water content in black soil region. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2017, 48(5): 608-612]
[4]	Sun B, Zhou SL, Zhao QG. Evaluation of spatial and temporal changes of soil quality based on geostatistical analysis in the hill region of subtropical China. Geoderma, 2003, 115: 85-99
[5]	Hu W, Shao MA, Han FP, et al. Spatio-temporal variability behavior of land surface soil water content in shrub- and grass-land. Geoderma, 2011, 162: 260-272
[6]	史文娟, 马媛, 徐飞, 等. 不同微尺度膜下滴灌棉田土壤水盐空间变异特性. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(4): 585-593 [Shi W-J, Ma Y, Xu F, et al. Spatial variability of soil moisture and salt content in cotton field on microscales under mulch drip irrigation. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(4): 585-593]
[7]	李敏, 李毅, 曹伟, 等. 不同尺度网格膜下滴灌土壤水盐的空间变异性分析. 水利学报, 2009, 40(10): 1210-1218 [Li M, Li Y, Cao W, et al. Spatial variability of soil moisture and salt content at different sampling grid scales under plastic mulch drip irrigation. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2009, 40(10): 1210-1218]
[8]	邢旭光, 赵文刚, 柳烨, 等. 猕猴桃果园不同采样密度下土壤含水率空间变异性研究. 农业机械学报, 2015, 46(8): 138-145 [Xing X-G, Zhao W-G, Liu Y, et al. Spatial variability of soil moisture in kiwi field under different sampling density conditions. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 46(8): 138-145]
[9]	Li T, Hao XM, Kang SZ. Spatial variability of grape yield and its association with soil water depletion within a vineyard of arid northwest China. Agricultural Water Management, 2017, 179: 158-166
[10]	Yemefack M, Rossiter DG, Njomgana R. Multi-scale characterization of soil variability within an agricultural landscape mosaic system in southern Cameroon. Geoderma, 2005, 125: 117-143
[11]	Zhao PP, Shao MA, Wang TJ. Spatial distributions of soil surface-layer saturated hydraulic conductivity and controlling factors on dam farmlands. Water Resources Management, 2010, 24: 2247-2266
[12]	聂卫波, 费良军, 马孝义. 区域尺度土壤入渗参数空间变异性规律研究. 农业机械学报, 2011, 42(7): 102-108 [Nie W-B, Fei L-J, Ma X-Y. Spatial variabi-lity of infiltration parameters at the region scales. Tran-sactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2011, 42(7): 102-108]
[13]	郭欣欣, 付强, 卢贺, 等.东北黑土区农林混合利用坡面土壤水分空间异质性及主控因素. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(19): 123-130 [Guo X-X, Fu Q, Lu H, et al. Spatial variability and its controlling factors of soil moisture on cropland-forestland mixed hillslope in black soil area of Northeast China. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(19): 123-130]
[14]	Ersahin S, Brohi AR. Spatial variation of soil water content in topsoil and subsoil of a typic ustifluvent. Agricultural Water Management, 2006, 83: 79-86
[15]	楚万林, 齐雁冰, 常庆瑞, 等. 秦巴山地县域土壤碱解氮空间变异与合理采样数的确定. 水土保持通报, 2015, 35(2): 141-146 [Chu W-L, Qi Y-B, Chang Q-R, et al. County-scale spatial variability of soil available nitrogen distribution and determination of reasonable sampling density in Qinba Mountains. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015, 35(2): 141-146]
[16]	刘瑞民, 王学军, 郑一. 湖泊水质参数空间分析中异常值的识别与处理. 环境科学与技术, 2003, 26(5): 17-18 [Liu R-M, Wang X-J, Zheng Y. Outlier identification and processing in spatial analysis of water quality parameters of a lake. Environmental Science and Technology, 2003, 26(5): 17-18]
[17]	蔡树英, 林琳, 杨金忠, 等. 含水层和土壤的随机特征对水分运动的影响. 水科学进展, 2005, 16(3): 313-320 [Cai S-Y, Lin L, Yang J-Z, et al. Effect of random characteristics of soil and aquifer on the water flow in formations. Advances in Water Science, 2005, 16(3): 313-320]
[18]	王云强, 邵明安, 刘志鹏. 黄土高原区域尺度土壤水分空间变异性. 水科学进展, 2012, 23(3): 310-316 [Wang Y-Q, Shao M-A, Liu Z-P. Spatial variability of soil moisture at a regional scale in the Loess Plateau. Advances in Water Science, 2012, 23(3): 310-316]
[19]	吴才聪, 马成林, 张书慧, 等. 基于GIS的精确农业合理采样与施肥间距研究. 农业机械学报, 2004, 35(2): 80-83 [Wu C-C, Ma C-L, Zhang S-H, et al. Research on reasonable distances of soil sampling and fertilizing based on GIS in precision agriculture. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2004, 35(2): 80-83]
[20]	Gao L, Shao MA. Temporal stability of shallow soil water content for three adjacent transects on a hillslope. Agricultural Water Management, 2012, 110: 41-54
[21]	郭德亮, 樊军, 米美霞. 黑河中游绿洲区不同土地利用类型表层土壤水分空间变异的尺度效应. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(5): 1199-1208 [Guo D-L, Fan J, Mi M-X. Scale-dependency of spatial variability of surface soil moisture under different land use types in Heihe Oasis, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(5): 1199-1208]
[22]	佘冬立, 邵明安, 俞双恩. 黄土区农草混合利用坡面土壤水分空间变异性. 农业机械学报, 2010, 41(7): 57-63 [She D-L, Shao M-A, Yu S-E. Spatial variability of soil water content on a cropland-grassland mixed slope land in the Loess Plateau, China. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2010, 41(7): 57-63]
[23]	赵文举, 李晓萍, 范严伟, 等. 不同降雨脉动条件下压砂地土壤水分的空间变异特征. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2016, 24(6): 1159-1169 [Zhao W-J, Li X-P, Fan Y-W, et al. Spatial variation characteristics of soil moisture in gravel-sand mulched field to different precipitation pulses. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2016, 24(6): 1159-1169]
[24]	刘姗姗, 许迪, 白美健, 等. 考虑入渗空间分布变异性的适宜土壤紧实度采样密度分析. 水利学报, 2015, 46(3): 307-314 [Liu S-S,Xu D,Bai M-J, et al. Analysis of sampling density for suitable soil compaction considering spatial variability of soil infiltration. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2015, 46(3): 307-314]
[25]	Cambardella CA, Karlen DL. Spatial analysis of soil fertility parameters. Precision Agriculture, 1999, 1: 5-14
[26]	Nanni MR, Povh FP, Demattê JAM, et al. Optimum size in grid soil sampling for variable rate application in site-specific management. Scientia Agricola, 2011, 68: 386-392
[27]	赵文举, 李晓萍, 范严伟, 等. 西北旱区压砂地土壤水分的时空分布特征. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(17): 144-151 [Zhao W-J, Li X-P, Fan Y-W, et al. Spatial-temporal stability distribution characteristics of soil moisture in gravel-sand mulched field in northwes-tern arid area. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(17): 144-151]
[28]	魏新光, 聂真义, 刘守阳, 等. 黄土丘陵区枣林土壤水分动态及其对蒸腾的影响. 农业机械学报, 2015, 46(6): 130-140 [Wei X-G, Nie Z-Y, Liu S-Y, et al. Soil moisture characteristics and its influence on jujube tree transpiration in loess hilly region. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 46(6): 130-140]
[29]	Fu BJ, Wang J, Chen LD, et al. The effects of land use on soil moisture variation in the Danangou catchment of the Loess Plateau, China. Catena, 2003, 54: 197-213
[30]	刘宏伟, 余钟波, 崔广柏. 湿润地区土壤水分对降雨的响应模式研究. 水利学报, 2009, 40(7): 822-829 [Liu H-W, Yu Z-B, Cui G-B. Pattern of soil moisture responding to precipitation in humid area. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2009, 40(7): 822-829]
[31]	张继光, 陈洪松, 苏以荣, 等. 喀斯特地区典型峰丛洼地表层土壤水分空间变异及合理取样数研究. 水土保持学报, 2006, 20(2): 114-117 [Zhang J-G, Chen H-S, Su Y-R, et al. Spatial variability of soil moisture content and reasonable sampling number in cluster-peak depression areas of karst region. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006, 20(2): 114-117]