Abstract: Soil respiration (R_s), as a key process of carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems, has a direct impact on atmospheric CO₂ concentration. How R_s responds to global change factors, such as rainfall changes and increased N deposition, has become a hot and difficult issue in the field of global change. Compared with the responses of R_s to the single factor of rainfall changes or increased N deposition, studying the response of R_s to the interaction of these two factors is more in line with natural environment, which can predict the future changes of soil carbon emission more accurately. At present, the related researches focused on different terrestrial ecosystems all over the world, and revealed the response mechanism from three aspects: soil, microorganism, and plant. Here, the research progress of soil respiration in response to the interaction of rainfall changes and increased N deposition in different terrestrial ecosystems was reviewed from the aspects of R_s and its components, factors related with soil properties, microorganisms and plant, and the deficiencies of current researches, and the research direction to be strengthened in the future were pointed out. Our review would provide a reference for further understanding the response law and the mechanism of soil respiration to the interaction between rainfall changes and increased N deposition.

Key words: soil respiration, rainfall change, nitrogen deposition, interaction, respiration component