Abstract: Studies on the relationship between the ecological conditions of Anhui Province and the trait of native breeding pigs show that from north to south, the upland area decreased from 54.3% to 1.9%, while forest area and grass land area increased from 5.6% and 3.0% to 62.4% and 15.8% respectively. The irrigated land was mainly distributed in Jianghuai hills(JH), and Yanjiang plain(YP), while waters were mainly distributed in Yanjiang plain. With decreasing latitude, the mean yearly temperature and precipitation gradually increased, and the feedstuff changed from intensive into green forage. Pig body size gradually decreased, and mean individual body weights at the age of 1 day and 20 days decreased from 1.02kg and 3.48kg to 0.73kg and 2.16kg respectively. The mean function teat number and litter size of sow in Wannan mountatinous(WM) were higher, but no obvious variation in other types. The daily gain and lean percentage decreased from 535.9g·d^-1 and 55.3% to 361.1g·d^-1 and 39.5% respectively, and fat thickness increased from 19.9mm to 39.3mm. The mean numbers of Ag NOR per cell for JH, YP and WM were 3.17, 3.61 and 3.68, and the genetic distances among them were 0.1176, 0.1404 and 0.0568 respectively.

Key words: Ecological type, Trait of native breeding pig, Production performance