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Characteristics of evaporation  over  broadleaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains, Northeast China during snow cover period in winter.

LI Hui-dong1,2, GUAN De-xin1, WANG An-zhi1, WU Jia-bing1, JIN Chang-jie1, SHI Ting-ting3   

  1. (1State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institude of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)
  • Online:2013-04-18 Published:2013-04-18

Abstract:

Based on the measurement data of water vapor flux by open-path eddy covariance system and of the micrometeorological factors in broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains during the snow cover period from 2002 to 2005, this paper analyzed the dynamics of snow cover evaporation and the relationships between the evaporation and meteorological factors. The energy balanced ratio during the snow cover period was 79.9%, and the latent heat flux accounted for 21.4% of net radiation. The diurnal variation of the evaporation presented a single-peak curve, and the evaporation rate during snow-melting period was higher than that during stable snow cover period. The half-hour evaporation presented  liner relationship with net radiation and  quadratic relationship with air temperature. The daily  evaporation presented  quadratic relationship with net radiation and  exponential relationship with air temperature. The daily evaporation presented a dynamic trend of decreasingstableincreasing, with the maximum at increasing stage and the minimum at stable stage. The maximum value of the daily evaporation was 0.73 mm·d-1, and the minimum value was 0.004 mm·d-1. During the snow cover periods of 2002-2003, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005, the annual evaporation was 27.6, 25.5, and 22.9 mm, accounting for 37.9%, 19.5%, and 30.0% of the precipitation in the same periods, respectively. The mean value of the daily evaporation in the three periods was 0.17, 0.19, and 0.17 mm·d-1, respectively.