Abstract: Taking the typical land use type, sloping Arachis hypogaea land, in Yimeng mountainous area of Shandong as study object, an insitu fixedpoint field experiment was conducted to study the characteristics of soil and water losses and phosphorus output at the places between ridges in the sloping land under different planting modes (Arachis hypogaea + Cynodon dactylon,Ⅰ; A. hypogae +Melilotus officinalis,Ⅱ; A. hypogaea + Lolium multiflorum, Ⅲ; A. hypogaea + Trifolium repens, Ⅳ; A. hypogaea + blank control,Ⅴ). Planting grasses at the places between ridges could effectively decrease the soil and water losses. The runoff was 55.1%-61.3% of the control, and decreased in the order of Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ. The sediment loss was 3.4%-32.3% of the control, and decreased in the order of Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ. A. hypogaea + L. multiflorum was effective in storing water and retaining sediment. During the early period of planting L. multiflorum, the sediment loss was more affected by rainfall and presented a fluctuated variation, but in late period, the sediment loss decreased continuously and performed more stable, and accordingly, the sediment retention increased continuously. Planting grasses effectively decreased the output of phosphorus, with the decrease of total phosphorus (TP) output being 52.8%-75.3% of the control, and was in the order ofⅠ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ. As compared with the control, planting grasses decreased 27.5%-67.0% of the output of particle phosphorus (PP), but relatively increased the output of dissolvable phosphorus (DP). A. hypogaea + L. multiflorum had the best effect in decreasing the output of phosphorus, with the outputs of TP and PP being 58.4% and 27.5% of the control, respectively. In the growth period of the vegetations, the losses of different phosphorus forms differed, and the dissolvable inorganic phosphorus  was the main form of the output of DP during whole rain season. After the peanut harvested, the output of different phosphorus forms in the first rainfall was much higher than that in the maximum intensity rainfall.