Abstract: Qilian Mountains is an important water conservation area in Northwest China, which is the boundary between the first and second steps of China’s topography and is sensitive to climate change. Based on the data of temperature, precipitation, normal difference vegetation index (NDVI), and digital elevation model (DEM) data, we analyzed NDVI change and its relationship with temperature and precipitation along the elevation, slope and slope aspect in the southern slope of Qilian Mountains using tendency analysis method, wavelet analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that, from 1998 to 2017, NDVI value of the growing season presented increasing trend by a rate of 0.023·10 a^-1. Changes of NDVI differed at different elevations, slopes and slope aspects. NDVI increased first and then decreased with elevation. The vegetation coverage at 2700-3700 m was good, and degraded in the area of >4700 m. NDVI reduced with the increases of slope, which showed little difference in different slope aspects but was better in sunny slope than in shade slope. NDVI of the growing season was closely related with temperature and precipitation. NDVI, temperature and precipitation in growing season all had a 14-year cycle. Vegetation at different elevations, slopes and slope aspects was differently affected by temperature and precipitation. Vegetation in areas with altitude <3700 m, >4700 m, slope <25° and each slope direction was more sensitive to precipitation.