Chemical components of root exudates from allelopathic rice accession PI312777 seedlings

Abstract

Abstract: In this study,allelopathic rice accession PI312777 seedlings were grown on a paddy soil under near natural condition,and their root exudates were collected by using circulation method,with the solution collected from no seedlings-planted soil as the control.The ether extracts of the root exudates and soil solution were detected by GC-MS,and identified with the mass spectral database of NIST and WILEY Library.The results showed that there were 36 compounds in the rice root exudates,including 9 terpenoids (peak area 10.97%),8 phenols or quinones (5.87%),6 esters (10.68%),3 aldehydes or ketones (1.44%),4 heterocycles (68.04%),2 alcohols (1.23%),2 ethers (0.57%),and 2 others (1.20%).A distinctly similar structure was observed among the terpenoids and among the phenols or quinones.In the soil solution,39 compounds were detected,and 7 of them were the same of the root exudates.The difference of the compounds in rice root exudates and soil solution,and the possible allelopathic mechanisms of these compounds were discussed in this paper.

Key words: Oryza sativa, Root exudate, Allelopathy, Allelochemicals

CLC Number:

HE Haibin, CHEN Xiangxu, LIN Ruiyu, LIN Wenxiong, HE Huaqin, JIA Xiaoli, XIONG Jun, SHEN Lihua, LIANG Yiyuan . Chemical components of root exudates from allelopathic rice accession PI312777 seedlings[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(12): 2383-2388.

References

[1]Bais HP,Park SW,Weir TL,et al.2004.How plants communicate using the underground information superhighway.Trends Plant Sci,9(1):26～32
[2]Bais HP,Vepachedu R,Gilroy S,et al.2003.Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion:From molecules and genes to species interactions.Science,301:1377～1380
[3]Balke NE.1985.Effects of allelochemicals on mineral uptake and associated physiological processes.ACS Symp Ser,268:161～178
[4]Chou CH,Lin HJ.1976.Autotoxication mechanism of Oryza sativa Ⅰ.Phytotoxic effects of decomposing rice residues in soil.J Chem Ecol,2:353～367
[5]Dilday RH,Mattice JD,Moldenhauer KA.2000.An overview of rice allelopathy in the USA.In:Kim KU,Shin DH,eds.Rice Allelopathy.Taegu,Korea:Kyungpook National University.15～26
[6]Einhellig FA.1987.Interaction among allelochemicals and other stress factors of plant environment.ACS Symp Ser,330:343～357
[7]Einhellig FA.1985.Effects of allelopathic chemicals on crop productivity.ACS Symp Ser,276:109～130
[8]Einhellig FA.1995.Mechanism of action of allelochemicals in allelopathy.ACS Symp Ser,582:96～116
[9]Flores HE,Vivanco JM,Loyola-Vargas VM.1999."Radicle" biochemistry:The biology of root-specific metabolism.Trends Plant Sci,4:220～226
[10]Gu W-X(谷文祥),Duan S-S(段舜山),Luo S-M(骆世明),et al.1998.Ecological characteristic of terpenoids and their allelopathic effects to plants.J South Chin Agric Univ(华南农业大学学报),19(4):108～112(in Chinese)
[11]He H-B(何海斌),He H-Q(何华勤),Lin W-X(林文雄),et al.2005.Differential analysis on terpenoids extracted from root exudates in different allelopathic rice accessions.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),16(4):732～736(in Chinese)
[12]He H-Q(何华勤),Lin W-X(林文雄).2001.Preliminary studies on allelopathic potential in rice.Chin J Eco-Agric(中国生态农业学报),9(2):47～49(in Chinese)
[13]He H-Q(何华勤),Liang Y-Y(梁义元),Jia X-L(贾小丽),et al.2004.Weed suppressive effect of phenolic acids.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),15(12):2342～2346(in Chinese)
[14]He S-L(何水林),Lin W-X(林文雄),Chen R-K(陈如凯).2001.Effect of EGTA and La3+ on induction of sesquiterpene cyclase gene expression in leaves of Capsicum annuum by several abiotic elicitors.China J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(2):272～274(in Chinese)
[15]He S-L(何水林),Lin W-X(林文雄),Chen R-K(陈如凯).2002.Induction of sesquiterpene cyclase gene expression and antioxidant enzymes regulated by exongenpus salicyclic acid in leaves of Capsicum annuum.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(5):569～572(in Chinese)
[16]Hisashi KN,Takeshi I,Noriko S,et al.2002.Isolation and identification of a potent allelopathic substance in rice root exudates.Physiol Plant,115:401～405
[17]Inderjit KM.1996.Plant phenolics in allelopathy.Bot Rev,62:186～202
[18]Kim KW,Kim KU.2000.Searching for rice allelochemicals.In:Kim KU,Shin DH,eds.Rice Allelopathy.Taegu,Korea:Kyungpook National University.83～95
[19]Kong C-H(孔垂华),Hu F(胡飞).2001.Allelopathy and Its Application.Beijing:China Agricultural Press.125～191(in Chinese)
[20]Kong C-H(孔垂华),Xu X-H(徐效华),Chen J-J(陈建军),et al.2002.Allelopathy of Ageratum conyzoides Ⅸ.Transformation of main allelochemical in the soil.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),22(8):1185～1195(in Chinese)
[21]Kong C-H(孔垂华),Xu X-H(徐效华),Hu F(胡飞),et al.2002.Using specific secondary metabolites as markers to evaluate allelopathic potentials of rice varieties and individual plants.Chin Sci Bull(科学通报),47(3):203～206(in Chinese)
[22]Kong C-H(孔垂华),Xu X-H(徐效华),Liang W-J(梁文举),et al.2004.Non-phenolic allelochemicals in root exudates of an allelopathic rice variety and their identification and weed-suppressive activity.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),24(7):1317～1322(in Chinese)
[23]Li H-S(黎华寿),Huang J-H(黄京华),Zhang X-Y(张修玉),et al.2005.Allelopathic effects of Cymbopogon citratu volatile and its chemical components.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),16(4):763～767(in Chinese)
[24]Lin W-X(林文雄),He H-Q(何华勤),Guo Y-C(郭玉春),et al.2001.Rice allelopathy and its physiobiochemical characteristics.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(6):871～875(in Chinese)
[25]Lin WX,He HQ,Shen LH,et al.2004.A proteomic approach to analyzing rice allelopathy on barnyardgrass(Echinochloa crusgalli L.).In:Fischer T,Turner N,Angus J,eds.Handbook and Abstracts(4th International Crop Science Congress).The Regional Institute Ltd.,Australia:179(The full paper are on line at www.regional.org.au)
[26]Macias FA.1995.Allelopathy in search for natural herbicide model.ACS Symp Ser,582:310～329
[27]Nardi S,Concheri G,Pizzeghello D,et al.2000.Soil organic matter mobilization by root exudates.Chemosphere,5:653～658
[28]Olofsdotter M,Jensen LB,Courtois B.2002.Improving crop competitive ability using allelopathy-An example from rice.Plant Breeding,121:1～9
[29]Olofsdotter M,Malou R,Artemio M,et al.2002.Why phenolic acids are unlikely primary allelochemicals in rice.J Chem Ecol,28(1):229～242
[30]Reigosa MJ,Sanchez-Moreiras A,Gonzalez L.1999.Ecophysiological approach in allelopathy.Crit Rev Plant Sci,18(5):577～608
[31]Rice EL.1984.Allelopathy.2nd edition.New York:Academic Press Inc.1～50
[32]Rimando AM,Olofsdotter M,Dayan FE,et al.2001.Searching for rice allelochemicals:An example of bioassays-guided isolation.Agron J,93:16～20
[33]Roshchina VV,Roshchina VD.1993.The Excretory Function of Higher Plant.New York:Springer-Verlag.213～215
[34]Takao M,Akazawa T,Fukuchi S.1970.Enzymic mechanism of starch breakdown in germination rice seeds Ⅲ.A-amylase.Plant Physiol,46:650～654
[35]Vivanco JM,Bais HP,Stermitz FR,et al.2004.Biogeographical variation in community response to root allelochemistry:Novel weapons and exotic invasion.Ecol Letters,7:285～292
[36]Walker TS,Bais HP,Grotewold E,et al.2003.Root exudation and rhizosphere biology.Plant Physiol,132:44～51
[37]Wang D-L(王大力),Ma R-X(马瑞霞),Liu X-F(刘秀芬).2000.A preliminary study on the allelopathic activity of rice germplasm.Sci Agric Sin(中国农业科学),33(3):94～96(in Chinese)
[38]Weidenhamer JD,Macias FA,Fischer NH,et al.1993.Just how insoluble are monoterpenes?J Chem Ecol,19:1799～1807
[39]Young CC,Zhu TLR,Waller GR.1989.Phytotoxic potential of soils and wheat straw in rice rotation cropping systems of subtropical Taiwan.Plant Soil,120:95～101