Abstract: Microsatellites are a novel molecular genetic marker,and offer unusual advantages,e.g., with the using of a very few sample, they can be amplified by PCR,which are particularly appropriate in the research of conservation genetics. In this paper,the structure of microsatellites and the principle of the detection technique of microsatellites polymorphism were illustrated, and the advantages and the application of this detection technique were described briefly. For the isolation of microsatellite loci in animals,an enrichment method was introduced. And then,some practical problems of this technique were summarized.