Abstract: A field experiment was set to catch pollinating insects by deploying traps, to investigate the abundance and richness of pollinating insects under different intensities of land use by humans in mountainous areas of western Henan Province both in spring and autumn. Combining with the characteristics of the vegetation community, the diversity of pollinating insects, community similarity and species importance (importance value) were studied in this paper. A total of 23275 pollinating insects were captured in spring and autumn, and the dominant groups were mostly Hyme-noptea and Diptera. The amount of pollinators captured in spring was 1.8 times as much as that in autumn, and the individual abundance of the pollinators between these two seasons were significantly diffe-rent. The relative abundance of Hymenoptea and Diptera captured in spring and autumn was relatively high, with unapparent seasonal variation. The amounts of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera were relatively small, and the amount of Lepidoptera captured in spring was extremely rare, and the same for Coleoptera captured in autumn. Shannon index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index in hilly areas were the highest of all geomorphic types, while the dominance index and species individual amounts in mountainous areas were the highest. Significant differences of the diversity and dominance of pollinating insects existed among different geomorphic types, such as, the diversity of pollinators in hilly areas was significantly different from that in mountainous and plain areas, and the dominance in mountainous areas was significantly different from that in hilly areas. There was a little effect of seasonal variation on the community of pollinating insects, but the species compositions within the community were still different. According to similarity coefficient of Morisita-Horn and Sørensen, only Hymenoptea community had significant difference between mountainous and hilly areas. The species importance was also different in spring and autumn, such as in spring, Vespidae had the highest importance value, and followed by Tachinidae and Drosophilidae; while in autumn, Anthomyiidae had the highest importance value, and followed by Vespidae. Pollinating insects are very important to crops. They can affect crop growth and grain production. In the process of crops planting, it is important to make sure that they suit the local conditions. Combining the rational planning of land use with the vegetation types of different geomorphic types, the species composition should be adjusted properly. The protection of the diversity of pollinating insects is meaningful to maintain the sustainable development of agriculture and improve ecosystem services.