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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 361-368.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201802.031

• 长白山论坛专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙江天目山孑遗落叶阔叶树种的种群结构及更新策略

商侃侃1, 陈波2, 达良俊3*   

  1. 1上海辰山植物园, 上海 201602;
    2杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院, 杭州 310036;
    3华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 上海 200241
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-01 出版日期:2018-02-18 发布日期:2018-02-18
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: ljda@des.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:商侃侃, 男, 1982年生, 博士, 高级工程师. 主要从事生态保育与植物修复研究, 发表论文30篇. E-mail: shangkankan@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31600343)和国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC050310203)资助

Population structure and regeneration strategy of relict deciduous broadleaved trees on Mount Tianmu, Zhejiang Province, China.

SHANG Kan-kan1, CHEN Bo2, DA Liang-jun3*   

  1. 1Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China;
    2College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China;
    3Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
  • Received:2017-09-01 Online:2018-02-18 Published:2018-02-18
  • Contact: E-mail: ljda@des.ecnu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31600343) and the National Key Research and Development Project (2016YFC050310203).

摘要: 通过对浙江天目山国家级自然保护区内6个孑遗落叶阔叶树种进行群落学调查,分析了不同微地形单元上种群结构、更新途径及更新个体的空间关联性,探讨了不同干扰体系下孑遗落叶阔叶树种的更新策略.结果表明:孑遗落叶阔叶树种具有较强的萌枝能力,种群结构以间歇型为主,部分种类选择长距离扩散,在适宜生境中间歇型更新,如青钱柳、缺萼枫香等;部分种类因生境限制,在不断的地表冲刷干扰下,选择在母树周围进行间歇型更新,如领春木、香果树.在相对稳定的顶坡和坡地上,青钱柳、缺萼枫香、蓝果树、枫香等树种以种子更新占据一次干扰后形成的林窗生境,并通过其固有的萌枝能力增殖树干,形成径级大小相似的多主干植株,迅速占据优势地位.在不稳定的谷床、谷坡和谷头凹地中,香果树、领春木、枫香等树种因频繁干扰导致种子更新受限、植株损伤并常有个体枯死,通过其极强的萌枝能力补充零星更新的幼苗以及干扰造成的个体损伤.基于生境适应、种群更新和竞争策略,将孑遗落叶阔叶树种大致划分为“林窗修复种”和“生境填充种”两个类型,并提出应加强对其特殊生境的保护.

Abstract: The population structure, regeneration ways and spatial relationships of six relict deci-duous broadleaved trees were examined based on community investigation on Mount Tianmu, East China. The results showed that relict deciduous broadleaved trees had a strong ability of vegetative reproduction and their population structure was generally belonged to intermittent type. Some relict species such as Cyclocarya paliurus and Liquidamb aracalycina regenerated discontinuously at appropriate sites via long-distance diffusion. Some species such as Emmenoptery henryi and Euptelea pleiospermum regenerated discontinuously around mature trees due to habitat limitation and frequent disturbance. After occupying forest gaps by seedling regeneration, C. paliurus, L. acalycina, Nyssasinensis and Liquidambar formosana could recruit and form multi-stemmed individuals by their inherent sprouting ability at relatively stable sites such as crest slope and side slope. At riverbed, valley slope and head hollow, recognized as unstable habitats, Emmenopterys henryi, E. pleiospermum, and L. formosana could also recruit by strong sprouting ability due to sparse seedlings and individual loss incurred by disturbance. Therefore, the relict deciduous broadleaved trees could be classified into two ecological species groups (repairment species for forest gap and supplement species for special habitat) based on spatial distribution and strategy of regeneration and competition. We suggested that the protection of special habitats of their communities should be strengthened.