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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 2771-2777.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201808.002

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

两栖类栖息地的构建技术及效果评估

谢汉宾1,2, 张伟1,3, 李贲2, 李必成1, 张云飞1, 王天厚2,4*   

  1. 1上海科技馆, 上海自然博物馆自然史研究中心, 上海 200127;
    2华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海 200062;
    3复旦大学生命科学学院, 上海 200438;
    4崇明生态研究院, 上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-23 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-08-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: thwang@bio.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:谢汉宾,男,1987年生,博士. 主要从事湿地生态学和保育生态学研究. E-mail: xiehb@sstm.org.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本文由上海市绿化和市容管理局项目(15LHMH0001Y01)资助

Construction technology of amphibian habitat and the evaluation of its effectiveness.

XIE Han-bin1,2, ZHANG Wei1,3, LI Ben2, LI Bi-cheng1, ZHANG Yun-fei1, WANG Tian-hou2,4*   

  1. 1Natural History Research Center, Shanghai Natural History Museum, Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Shanghai 200127, China;
    2School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;
    3School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
    4Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai 200062, China.
  • Received:2017-11-23 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-20
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Shanghai Municipal Greening and City Appearance Administration (15LHMH0001Y01).

摘要: 全球范围内两栖类的种类和数量急剧下降,栖息地面积减少和质量下降为重要原因之一.修复和重建两栖类栖息地是恢复两栖类种类和数量的重要手段.在城市化进程中,构建适宜的两栖类栖息地对两栖类的保护尤为关键.本研究选取上海市闵行区浦江镇的鲁汇苗木基地,于2014年5月—2016年9月开展两栖类栖息地的构建技术及效果评估研究.针对上海市常见的5种两栖类的生境需求,经过地形地貌改造、水系沟通调整和植被恢复等生态工程措施,构建了19 hm2两栖类栖息地.为评估两栖类栖息地的保护效果,采取样线法,选取5条100 m×5 m的调查样线,于多数两栖类的繁殖期(5—6月)和非繁殖期(8—9月)各调查1次,对比分析改造前(2014年)和改造后(2016年)两栖类的种类和数量.调查发现,改造前的繁殖期记录到两栖类4种,密度为(164.0±63.7) ind·hm-2;非繁殖期4种,密度为(160.0±29.7) ind·hm-2;改造后的繁殖期5种,密度为(560.0±159.3) ind·hm-2;非繁殖期5种,密度为(628.0±186.2) ind·hm-2.结果表明,通过构建适宜的两栖类栖息地,能够显著增加两栖类的种类和数量,具有较好的两栖类保护效果.本研究提出的两栖类栖息地的构建技术,为受损的两栖类栖息地的生态修复和重建以及城市林绿地的优化改造提供了参考案例.

Abstract: Drastic decline and extinction of amphibian species occurred around the world. Human-induced habitat loss and degradation are major threats to amphibians. Repairing or rebuilding amphibian habitat is an important way for amphibian restoration. During the process of urbanization, the construction of appropriate habitats is the key measure for amphibian conservation. In this study, construction technique and assessment of the reform amphibian habitat was carried out. To match the habitat requirements of five common amphibian species in Shanghai, Luhui seedling base in Pujiang Town (Minhang District, Shanghai, China) was selected as an experimental site from May 2014 to September 2016. We used ecological engineering measures that could provide amphibian habitat, such as changing topographic, adjusting water systems, vegetation restoration, and so on. To explore how these new technologies benefited amphibians’ biodiversity, five sampling lines (100 m × 5 m) were selected and amphibians were monitored during the breeding period (May-June) and non-breeding period (August-September), once in each period in 2014 and 2016. A total of four species were recorded with a density of (164.0±63.7) ind·hm-2 in the breeding period in 2014, and four species with a density of (160.0±29.7) ind·hm-2 in the non-breeding period in 2014, whereas five species with a density of (560.0±159.3) ind·hm-2 in the breeding period in 2016, and five species with a density of (628.0±186.2) ind·hm-2 in the non-breeding period in 2016. Our results suggested that this technology could significantly increase amphibians’ biodiversity in the degraded amphibian habitat, which might be applied in other similar habitats in China.