小麦/蚕豆间作作物生长曲线的模拟及种间互作分析

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201812.026

应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 4037-4046.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201812.026

小麦/蚕豆间作作物生长曲线的模拟及种间互作分析

柏文恋¹,张梦瑶¹,任家兵¹,汤利¹,郑毅^1,2,肖靖秀^1*

¹云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201;
²云南省教育厅, 昆明 650223

收稿日期:2018-05-09 修回日期:2018-10-10 出版日期:2018-12-20 发布日期:2018-12-20
作者简介:柏文恋, 女, 1993年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事间作系统中养分资源高效利用研究. E-mail: 573316735@qq.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31560581,31760611,31460551)和国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200200/2017YFD0200207)资助

Simulation of crop growth curve and analysis of interspecific interaction in wheat and faba bean intercropping system

BAI Wen-lian¹, ZHANG Meng-yao¹, REN Jia-bing¹, TANG Li¹, ZHENG Yi^1,2, XIAO Jing-xiu^1*

¹College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
²Education Department of Yunnan, Kunming 650223, China

Received:2018-05-09 Revised:2018-10-10 Online:2018-12-20 Published:2018-12-20
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31560581, 31700611, 31460551) and the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2017YFD0200200/2017YFD0200207) .

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 物种间的相互作用与间作产量优势的形成密切相关,但很少有人注意到种间互作动态.本研究通过2年田间定位试验,运用Logistic分析模拟了不同种植模式(小麦单作、蚕豆单作和小麦/蚕豆间作)和不同磷水平下[P₀,施磷量(P₂O₅)为0 kg·hm^-2(对照);P₁,施磷量(P₂O₅)为45 kg·hm^-2;P₂,施磷量(P₂O₅)为90 kg·hm^-2]单间作小麦、蚕豆的生长模型,分析了作物种间互作的动态变化.结果表明: 小麦/蚕豆间作使小麦产量提高了10.5%~18.6%,蚕豆产量却降低了4.8%~12.3%,但间作系统仍具有产量优势,土地当量比(LER)和相对拥挤系数(K)分别为1.01~1.15 和1.12~3.20.小麦和蚕豆的产量及关键生长参数均受磷水平调控,但LER和K并不受磷水平影响.与单作相比,间作小麦的最大生长速率(R_max)和最初生长速率(r)分别提高21.8%~38.7%和20.7%~38.9%,但间作对蚕豆的关键生长参数无影响.在小麦、蚕豆的生长初期,不同磷水平下,单间作作物的生长曲线无差异;间作群体以种间竞争为主,无间作生物量优势(LER<1,K<1).当蚕豆达到最大生长速率(T_max)后,间作显著提高了小麦的生长速率,降低了小麦的种内竞争压力,表现出间作生物量和产量优势(LER>1,K>1).总之,在不同的生长发育阶段,小麦、蚕豆的相互作用不同,间作提高了中后期小麦的生长速率,为间作优势的形成奠定了基础.

Abstract: Interspecific interactions are closely related to the intercropping yield advantage. Little attention was paid to the dynamic changes of interspecific interactions. In this study, the growth curves of wheat and faba bean under different planting patterns (wheat monocropped, faba bean monocropped, and wheat and faba bean intercropping) and phosphorus (P) fertilization levels [P₀, 0 kg P₂O₅·hm^-2(the control); P₁, 45 kg P₂O₅·hm^-2; P₂, 90 kg P₂O₅·hm^-2, repetitively] were simulated by Logistic analysis in a two-year field experiment. The dynamics of interspecific interaction were analyzed. The results showed that wheat yield was increased by 10.5%-18.6% when wheat was intercropped with faba bean as compared to monocropped wheat (MW). The yield of intercropping faba bean (IF) was decreased by 4.8%-12.3% relative to monocropped faba bean (MF). However, wheat and faba bean intercropping still showed yield advantage, with the values of land equivalent ratio (LER) and relative crowding coefficient (K) being 1.01-1.15 and 1.12-3.20, respectively. Both the yields and key growth parameters for wheat and faba bean were regulated by P level, but LER and K were not affected by P level. The maximum growth rate (R_max) and the initial growth rate (r) of wheat were increased by 21.8%-38.7% and 20.8%-38.9% when wheat was intercropped with faba bean as compared to corresponding MW, respectively. The planting pattern had no effect on the key growth parameters of faba bean. No difference in growth curve between monocropping and intercropping crop was found under different P fertilization levels during the early growth stages. The interspecific competition was dominant in wheat and faba bean intercropping system during the early growth stages, without any intercroping biomass advantage (LER<1, K<1). Increased growth rate and decreased intraspecific competitive pressure for wheat were observed when faba bean attaining its maximum growth rate (T_max) in intercropping system, with both intercropping biomass and yield advantage (LER>1, K>1). In conclusion, the interaction between wheat and faba bean varied with growth stages. Wheat and faba bean intercropping stimulated the growth rate of wheat during the middle and late growth stages, which was a foundation for intercropping advantage.

柏文恋,张梦瑶,任家兵,汤利,郑毅,肖靖秀. 小麦/蚕豆间作作物生长曲线的模拟及种间互作分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(12): 4037-4046.

BAI Wen-lian, ZHANG Meng-yao, REN Jia-bing, TANG Li, ZHENG Yi, XIAO Jing-xiu. Simulation of crop growth curve and analysis of interspecific interaction in wheat and faba bean intercropping system[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(12): 4037-4046.

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小麦/蚕豆间作作物生长曲线的模拟及种间互作分析

Simulation of crop growth curve and analysis of interspecific interaction in wheat and faba bean intercropping system

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