华北夏玉米干物质分配系数对干旱胁迫的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201901.031

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 217-223.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201901.031

华北夏玉米干物质分配系数对干旱胁迫的响应

谭方颖¹,李昊²,王建林^3*,王志伟⁴

¹国家气象中心, 北京 100081;
²哈尔滨师范大学, 哈尔滨 150025;
³宁夏回族自治区气象局, 银川 750002;
⁴山西省气候中心, 太原 030006

收稿日期:2018-05-11 修回日期:2018-11-23 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
通讯作者: wangjl@cma.gov.cn
作者简介:谭方颖, 女, 1982年生, 硕士, 副研级高级工程师. 主要从事农业气象研究. E-mail: tanfangying0803@163.com
基金资助:
本文由公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306038, GYHY201506001)资助

Response of dry matter partitioning coefficient of summer maize to drought stress in North China

TAN Fang-ying¹, LI Hao², WANG Jian-lin^3*, WANG Zhi-wei⁴

¹National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China;
²Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China;
³Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Meteorological Bureau, Yinchuan 750002, China;
⁴Shanxi Climate Center, Taiyuan 030006, China

Received:2018-05-11 Revised:2018-11-23 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Special Fund for Meteorology Scientific Research in the Public Interest (GYHY201306038, GYHY201506001).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干物质分配系数反映作物各器官干物质的分配与积累,研究干物质分配系数对干旱胁迫的响应,是研究干旱胁迫对作物生长发育影响的基础.本文基于华北夏玉米主产省山东、河北和山西3个试验点2013—2015年田间水分控制试验资料,建立了夏玉米苗期、抽雄期、灌浆期3个主要发育阶段叶、茎、穗的干物质分配系数与土壤相对湿度的定量关系模型,分析了叶、茎、穗干物质分配系数对不同程度干旱胁迫的响应.结果表明: 3个阶段叶、茎、穗的干物质分配系数与土壤相对湿度均呈显著的一元二次关系.干旱胁迫下,叶片向外转运的干物质相对减少,叶干物质分配比例增加,并且在轻、中度干旱胁迫时的灌浆期(叶干物质分配系数增加0.04~0.09)以及重度干旱胁迫时的抽雄期(叶干物质分配系数增加0.17)响应最敏感.穗干物质分配系数对干旱胁迫表现为负响应,干旱胁迫越严重,分配系数越小,轻-重度干旱胁迫使穗干物质分配系数减小0.08~0.34.茎干物质分配系数对干旱胁迫的响应总体表现为灌浆期(正响应)＞抽雄期(负响应)＞苗期(负响应).

Abstract: The dry matter partitioning coefficient (PC) reflects the distribution and accumulation of dry matter in crop organs. Understanding the responses of PC to drought stress is fundamental for understanding crop development under drought stress. Using field data collected under drought stress conditions during the period 2013-2015 at three sites (Xiajin, Shandong; Gucheng, Hebei; and Yuncheng, Shanxi) in North China, we quantified the effects of different drought stress intensities on the PC of stems, leaves and ears during the development stages (from emergence to jointing, from jointing to tasseling, and from tasseling to maturity). The results showed that PC of stems, leaves and ears showed significant quadratic relationships with relative soil moisture during all stages. Leaf PC was increased by 0.04-0.09 during the grain-filling stage under light and moderate drought stress, and was increased by 0.17 during the tasseling stage under sever drought stress. On the contrary, drought stress had negative effects on the ear PC. With the increases of drought stress, less dry matter was allocated to ears. Under light to severe drought stresses, ear PC was decreased by 0.08-0.34. However, no consis-tent pattern was observed for the effects of drought stress on stem PC: negative effects were observed during the vegetative growth stage and positive effects were found in the mature stage. Overall, the degree of the responses of crop PC to drought stress under different phenology stages was in the order of grain-filling stage (positive) > tasseling stage (negative) > seedling stage (negative).

谭方颖,李昊,王建林,王志伟. 华北夏玉米干物质分配系数对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(1): 217-223.

TAN Fang-ying, LI Hao, WANG Jian-lin, WANG Zhi-wei. Response of dry matter partitioning coefficient of summer maize to drought stress in North China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(1): 217-223.

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华北夏玉米干物质分配系数对干旱胁迫的响应

Response of dry matter partitioning coefficient of summer maize to drought stress in North China

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