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### 大兴安岭主要森林类型林分空间结构优化模拟

1. 东北林业大学林学院, 森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040
• 收稿日期:2019-01-31 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-15
• 通讯作者: * E-mail: lzg19700602@163.com
• 作者简介:魏红洋, 女, 1995年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事森林可持续经营研究. E-mail: 1325987983@qq.com
• 基金资助:
本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504103)和国家自然科学基金项目(31700562)资助

### Spatial structure optimization simulation of main forest types in Great Xing’an Mountains, Northeast China

WEI Hong-yang, DONG Ling-bo, LIU Zhao-gang*

1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
• Received:2019-01-31 Online:2019-11-15 Published:2019-11-15
• Contact: * E-mail: lzg19700602@163.com
• Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0504103) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31700562)

Abstract: Based on the data from four 1 hm2 permanent plots in main forest types [namely natural Larix gmelinii forest (LF), natural Betula platyphylla forest (BF), coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest (CBMF) and coniferous mixed forest (CMF)] in Great Xing’an Mountains, a comprehensive cutting index of individual tree (T), based on the commonly used spatial structure parameters [i.e., mingling (M), neighborhood comparison (U), uniform angle index (W), and competition index (CI)] and non-spatial structure parameters [tree vigor index (DC), tree stability index (DH)], was constructed using combined AHP and entropy evaluation method. The cutting process was simulated by Excel VBA to determine the best tending intensity on the basis of systematic comparison of comprehensive T-value under different tending intensities (10%, 20%, and 30%) of different forest types. The results showed that, in the initial state, the mean values of W were all 0.57, indicating a typical cluster distribution. The mean values of U ranged from 0.50 to 0.51 and the dominant degree of overall growth of trees was in a typical mean state. The mixed degree of four main forest types was generally low, with the mixed forest being obviously higher than the pure forest. The mean competition index within the stand was above 2.0, indicating higher competition pressure. The stability and growth vigor index of LF were significantly higher than those of other stands. Overall, the management urgency of BF was significantly higher than that of other stands. With regard to T-value growth rate between adjacent tending intensities, the optimal cutting intensity was 30% for LF forest and 10% for other types. The relative growth rates were 9.7%, 7.9%, 6.6% and 3.9% respectively. However, from the perspective of T-value and canopy density with different tending intensities, the optimal cutting intensity of BF was 20%, and the others were all 30%, in which the T-values were increased by 28.9%, 16.4%, 17.5% and 9.2% respectively. After simulated harvesting, stand structure was improved in various degrees and the mixed degree of tree species was increased. The horizontal distribution pattern of stand tended to random distribution. The dominance degree of dominant tree species was increased. The competition pressure of trees was decreased. DC of trees was slightly lower and the DH of trees was improved.