有机类肥料对土壤养分含量的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202004.025

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 1403-1416.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202004.025

有机类肥料对土壤养分含量的影响

龚雪蛟^1,3, 秦琳², 刘飞¹, 刘东娜¹, 马伟伟¹, 张厅¹, 刘晓¹, 罗凡^1,3*

¹四川省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 成都 610066;
²四川省农业科学院分析测试中心, 成都 610066;
³国家土壤质量雅安观测实验站, 四川雅安 625014

收稿日期:2019-09-28 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-04-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: 361114727@qq.com
作者简介:龚雪蛟, 男, 1987年生, 助理研究员。主要从事茶树营养生理及栽培生态研究。E-mail: 136565247@qq.com
基金资助:
四川省财政公益性研究深化工程(2016GYSH-019)、现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-19)、四川省农业科学院论文基金(2018LWJJ-018)和四川省农业科学院青年基金(2018QNJJ-013)资助

Effects of organic manure on soil nutrient content: A review

GONG Xue-jiao^1,3, QIN Lin², LIU Fei¹, LIU Dong-na¹, MA Wei-wei¹, ZHANG Ting¹, LIU Xiao¹, LUO Fan^1,3*

¹Tea Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China;
²Analysis and Determination Center, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China;
³National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Ya’an 625014, Sichuan, China.

Received:2019-09-28 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-04-20
Contact: *E-mail: 361114727@qq.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Deepening Project of Public Welfare Research of Sichuan Province (2016GYSH-019), Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-19), Dissertation Foundation of Sichuan Aca-demy of Agricultural Sciences (2018LWJJ-018) and Young Scientist Foundation Project of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2018QNJJ-013).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 绿色、可持续是我国发展现代农业的必然要求,肥料投入是关键之一。基于有机肥培肥土壤、生态友好的优势,发展和推广有机肥已经成为我国农业生产的一项基本国策。我国有机肥来源广泛、种类繁多,农业生产条件千差万别。本文分析了我国有机肥产品种类及标准现状、理化性质差异、碳氮矿化特性差异及影响因素,评述了施用有机肥对提高耕地基础地力的作用。因来源、制作工艺不同,不同有机肥的有机碳组分含量、全氮和活性氮含量、碳氮比等基本性质差异明显,这四者是影响有机肥碳氮矿化率、碳氮矿化量、碱解氮释放量等碳氮供应特性的主要内在因素;加之土壤环境等外界因素的影响,不同有机肥表现出不同的养分供应特性。总体上,有机肥一方面对提高土壤有机质含量,尤其是活性有机质含量和碳库管理指数效果明显,另一方面可增加土壤氮磷钾养分容量,减少作物生长消耗带来的土壤养分亏损,促进土壤质量良性发展。今后,应加强有机肥在耕地培肥中的应用,并加强有机肥肥效理论的基础研究和安全高效有机肥新产品的开发,促进有机肥资源的高效循环利用,使其成为重要的农业资源。

Abstract: To be green and sustainable are essential requirements for modern agriculture in China, with fertilizer input being one of the keys. Developing and extending organic fertilizer has become a basic national policy for agricultural production in China for its eco-friendly and advantages in fertile farmland nurture. Organic fertilizer has wide source and variety. The conditions for agricultural production are also largely different. We analyzed the status of organic fertilizer products and stan-dards, physical and chemical properties differences, differences of carbon and nitrogen mineralization characteristics and their influencing factors. Meanwhile, we reviewed the effects of application of organic fertilizer on basic soil fertility of cultivated land. Due to the differences in source and production process, different organic fertilizers differ in the four main internal factors (the content of organic carbon fractions, total N, active nitrogen and C/N) affecting carbon and nitrogen mineralization characteristics, including mineralization rates and the amount of available nitrogen release. With the influence of external conditions such as edatope, different organic fertilizers vary in nutrient supply characteristics. Overall, organic fertilizer significantly increases soil organic matter content, especially for labile organic matter content and carbon management index (CMI). Moreover, soil contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are expanded. As a result, nutrient loss caused by crop growth is reduced, with positive consequences on soil quality. The application of organic fertilizer on fertile farmland nurture, the theoretical study of organic fertilizer, and the development of safe and efficient organic fertilizer products should be strengthened in the future, promoting the efficient recycling of organic fertilizer resources which could be an important agricultural resource.

龚雪蛟, 秦琳, 刘飞, 刘东娜, 马伟伟, 张厅, 刘晓, 罗凡. 有机类肥料对土壤养分含量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(4): 1403-1416.

GONG Xue-jiao, QIN Lin, LIU Fei, LIU Dong-na, MA Wei-wei, ZHANG Ting, LIU Xiao, LUO Fan. Effects of organic manure on soil nutrient content: A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(4): 1403-1416.

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有机类肥料对土壤养分含量的影响

Effects of organic manure on soil nutrient content: A review

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