退化典型草原狼毒种群结构与数量动态

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202009.008

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 2977-2984.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202009.008

退化典型草原狼毒种群结构与数量动态

郭丽珠^1,2, 赵欢^1,2, 吕进英^1,2, 王开丽^1,2, 刘克思^1,2, 王堃^1,2, 黄顶^1,2*

¹中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
²河北沽源草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 河北沽源 076550

收稿日期:2020-04-09 接受日期:2020-07-03 出版日期:2020-09-15 发布日期:2021-03-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: huangding@263.net
作者简介:郭丽珠, 女, 1988年生, 博士研究生。主要从事退化草原毒害草调查与利用研究。E-mail: ellenguo@sina.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0502402-5,2018YFF0213405)和北京市科技计划项目(Z181100009618031)资助

Population structure and quantitative dynamics of Stellera chamaejasme in degraded typical steppe

GUO Li-zhu^1,2, ZHAO Huan^1,2, LYU Jin-ying^1,2, WANG Kai-li^1,2, LIU Ke-si^1,2, WANG Kun^1,2, HUANG Ding^1,2*

¹College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
²Guyuan National Grassland Ecosystem Field Station, Guyuan 076550, Hebei, China

Received:2020-04-09 Accepted:2020-07-03 Online:2020-09-15 Published:2021-03-15
Contact: * E-mail: huangding@263.net
Supported by:
the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0502402-5, 2018YFF0213405) and the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (Z181100009618031).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)是我国退化草原上常见的一种毒害草,在一些退化严重的草原上可能形成以狼毒为优势种的群落,严重影响我国天然草原畜牧业的可持续发展。本文根据狼毒的枝条数将狼毒种群划分成10个龄级(Ⅰ～Ⅹ),研究了坝上地区退化典型草原狼毒种群的年龄结构、种群结构动态指数、种群静态生命表、存活曲线及生存分析,量化狼毒种群的生存状况。结果表明: 研究区内狼毒种群年龄结构呈增长型,狼毒幼苗充足但存活率不高;狼毒种群结构呈增长型,但种群发展过程存在波动性,特别是在第Ⅱ、Ⅷ龄级时个体数量会发生骤降,是狼毒种群自身发展的瓶颈时期;狼毒种群的存活曲线为Deevey-Ⅱ型,但生存分析表明狼毒种群具有前期锐减、后期稳定的特点,主要因为Ⅰ或Ⅱ龄级狼毒的死亡密度函数(f_x)和危险率(λ_x)最大。Ⅰ龄级个体充足是狼毒种群在退化典型草原扩张的基础,但幼龄个体的转化率低可能是狼毒种群在草原退化早期无法快速扩张的原因之一。建议在草原退化早期狼毒数量有限时及早介入进行防除。

关键词: 狼毒, 年龄结构, 动态指数, 生存分析, 存活曲线

Abstract: Stellera chamaejasme is one of most common poisonous plant species in degraded grasslands of China. S. chamaejasme could dominate the community in some severely degraded grasslands, which is a serious threat to the sustainable development of animal husbandry in natural grasslands. In this study, S. chamaejasme population was divided into 10 age classes according to the number of branches. We investigated the age structure of S. chamaejasme population and population dynamic indices, and quantified the survival status of S. chamaejasme population by compiling a static life table, drawing a survival curve, conducting survival analysis. The age structure of S. chamaejasme population in the study area was growth type. The number of individuals in Ⅰ age class was sufficient but with relatively low survival rate. The population structure of S. chamaejasme was fitted the growing type. The development process of population was fluctuating. The number of individuals would drop sharply in Ⅱ and Ⅷ, indicating that these two age classes were the bottleneck period in the development of S. chamaejasme population. The survival curves of S. chamaejasme population was the Deevey-Ⅱ type. The results of survival analysis showed that the population had a sharp decrease in the early stage and was stable in the later stage, which was because the value of f_x and λ_x of S. chamaejasme in Ⅰ or Ⅱ age class were the highest. In conclusion, sufficient young individuals (Ⅰ) was the basis for the expansion of S. chamaejasme population in the degraded typical steppe. The low transformation rate of young individuals to adults might be one of the reasons explaining why S. chamaejasme population could not expand rapidly in the early stage of grassland degradation. Therefore, it was suggested to intervene early when the number of S. chamaejasme was limited.

Key words: Stellera chamaejasme, age structure, dynamic index, survival analysis, survival curve

郭丽珠, 赵欢, 吕进英, 王开丽, 刘克思, 王堃, 黄顶. 退化典型草原狼毒种群结构与数量动态[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(9): 2977-2984.

GUO Li-zhu, ZHAO Huan, LYU Jin-ying, WANG Kai-li, LIU Ke-si, WANG Kun, HUANG Ding. Population structure and quantitative dynamics of Stellera chamaejasme in degraded typical steppe[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(9): 2977-2984.

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退化典型草原狼毒种群结构与数量动态

Population structure and quantitative dynamics of Stellera chamaejasme in degraded typical steppe

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