不同氮磷浓度下周丛生物对水体中磺胺和恩诺沙星的去除

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202111.039

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 周丛生物膜是一种对水体污染物净化的新兴生物技术。有关水体不同氮磷营养水平下周丛生物对水体抗生素类污染物去除作用的研究还未见报道。本研究设置4个氮磷营养盐浓度水平[N-P (mg·L^-1):2-0.2、5-0.5、8-0.8、11-1.1],用塑料筐装置在室外培养周丛生物膜,对其生长、光合活力、物种组成以及对磺胺和恩诺沙星去除作用进行中型模拟试验。结果表明: 各处理组中周丛生物的生物量随培养时间的增加而升高,光合色素含量和光合活力则呈现先降低后上升的“单峰”模式,表明生物膜中的藻类会受到抗生素的胁迫,但可快速适应并恢复活力。除此之外,不同氮磷浓度处理造成各组生物群落组成差异,随营养盐浓度的升高,周丛藻类物种丰富度逐渐下降,但各处理胶网藻和小球藻都具有较高的相对丰度;16S rRNA高通量测序发现,根瘤菌科、放线菌门和莫拉氏菌科菌群在(N-P)2-0.2组显著富集,而几丁质嗜菌科在4个处理中的相对丰度都处在最高水平。所有处理的磺胺去除率均高于50%,而恩诺沙星去除率均达到90%以上,其中,(N-P)2-0.2 mg·L^-1组对磺胺的去除率(65.8%)显著高于其他各组,但各处理对恩诺沙星的去除率差异不显著,表明周丛生物在较宽的N-P营养水平范围内对磺胺和恩诺沙星均具有良好的去除能力。各处理组对水体可溶性氮的去除效果不明显,但对可溶性磷的去除效果显著。本研究为水体磺胺和恩诺沙星的生态去除提供了基础数据,为研发水体抗生素类新型污染物生态去除技术提供了新思路。

关键词: 氮磷浓度, 周丛生物, 磺胺, 恩诺沙星, 去除效果

Abstract: Periphyton is an emerging biological technology for water purification. However, the removal effect of periphyton on antibiotic contaminants in water under different nitrogen and phosphorus levels remains largely unknown. In this study, four nitrogen and phosphorus levels [N-P (mg·L^-1): 2-0.2, 5-0.5, 8-0.8, 11-1.1] were set up to grow periphyton outdoors in plastic crates. The growth, photosynthe-tic activity, species composition, and removal of sulfonamide and enrofloxacin were simulated at a medium scale. The results showed that biomass of the surrounding organisms increased with the increases of culture time. In contrast, the photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic activity showed a “single peak” pattern, which first decreased and then increased, indicating that algae in the biofilm would be stressed by antibioics but could quickly adapt and recover vitality. In addition, different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations resulted in differences in community composition. With the increases of nutrient concentrations, species richness of periphyton algae gradually decreased. The relative abundance of Dictyosphaerium and Chlorella in each treatment was relatively high. Results of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that the flora of Rhizobiaceae, Frankiales, and Moraxellaceae was significantly enriched in groups 2-0.2. The relative abundance of Chitinophagaceae in all the four treatments was the highest. The removal rate of sulfonamide in all treatments was higher than 50%, while the removal rate of enrofloxacin in all treatments was more than 90%. The removal rate of sulfonamide in (N-P) 2-0.2 mg·L^-1 group (65.8%) was significantly higher than that in other groups, but with no significant difference in the removal rate of enrofloxacin among all treatments. The results showed that periphyton had an excellent ability to remove sulfonamide and enrofloxacin in a wide range of N-P levels. The removal rate of soluble nitrogen in water was not different in each treatment group, and the removal effect of soluble phosphorus was substantial. Our results provided primary data for the ecological removal of sulfonamide and enrofloxacin in water, which gave a new idea for the development of environmental removal technology for new antibiotic pollutants in water.

Key words: nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, periphyton, sulfonamide, enrofloxacin, removal effect.

谷雪维,林漪,卢迪,钟婧妍,徐兢,赵悦彤,王丽卿,张玮. 不同氮磷浓度下周丛生物对水体中磺胺和恩诺沙星的去除[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(11): 4129-4138.

GU Xue-wei, LIN Yi, LU Di, ZHONG Jing-yan, XU Jing, ZHAO Yue-tong, WANG Li-qing, ZHANG Wei. Removal of sulfonamide and enrofloxacin from water by periphyton under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(11): 4129-4138.

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