山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程与景观生态学

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202301.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国山水林田湖草沙生命共同体及其保护和修复工程的理论研究和实践正逐渐开展,需要系统的学科理论支撑,景观生态学作为地理学和生态学的交叉科学,能够以其宏观空间理论和技术体系满足这一需求。本文将景观生态学作为山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程的支撑学科,首先,明确了山水林田湖草沙生命共同体是镶嵌的异质景观、具有景观的所有特征并遵循景观生态学原理;其次,阐述了景观生态建设理论如何应用于山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程的规划和评价;最后,总结景观生态建设研究的新趋势,提出待解决的理论和实践问题,并论述山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程如何为解决这些问题提供广阔的研究空间。景观生态学和山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程实践相结合,将为实现我国乃至全球生态、经济、社会可持续发展提供极为有效的途径。

关键词: 山水林田湖草沙生命共同体, 山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程, 景观生态学, 景观格局和过程, 景观生态建设

Abstract: Theoretical researches and practices on the life community of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic and its protection and restoration have been gradually developed in China, which demands the support of a systematic disciplinary theory. Landscape ecology, as an interdisciplinary science of geography and ecology, can meet such demand thanks to its macroscopic spatial theory and technical system. Here, landscape ecology is taken as the supporting discipline of holistic protection and restoration for mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic. Firstly, we clarified that life community of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland is a heterogeneously mosaic landscape, which bears all the characteristics of landscape and thus follows the principles of landscape ecology. Secondly, we expounded how the basic principles of landscape-ecological construction could be applied to the planning and evaluation of holistic protection and restoration for mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic. Finally, we summarized the new trend of landscape-ecological construction research, listed the theoretical and practical problems to be solved, and discussed how the projects of holistic protection and restoration for the mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic can provide a variety of practices for seeking the solutions. The combination of landscape ecology and practical restoration projects would generate effective solutions to realize sustainable development in terms of ecology, economy, and society in China and even the whole world.

Key words: mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland life community, holistic mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland protection and restoration engineering, landscape ecology, landscape pattern and process, landscape-ecological construction.

李月辉, 胡远满, 王正文. 山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程与景观生态学[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 249-256.

LI Yue-hui, HU Yuan-man, WANG Zheng-wen. Mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland holistic protection and restoration engineering and landscape ecology[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(1): 249-256.

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