中国北方海星暴发灾害研究进展和展望

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202304.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来,我国北方养殖海域频繁遭受海星的侵袭,造成了巨大的经济损失,其中主要的海星种类为多棘海盘车和海燕。本文对相关文献进行了系统梳理,介绍了多棘海盘车和海燕的生物学特征、主要危害对象和暴发灾害现状,探讨了我国北方海星种群暴发的原因、形成过程及扩散迁移模式,认为早期生活史阶段是海星种群暴发的驱动阶段,幼虫成活率的提高是导致种群暴发的关键,种群连通性是揭示海星种群来源和扩散的重要线索。在此基础上提出了目前亟待解决的科学和技术问题,包括海星暴发阈值的确定、种群溯源、监测预警以及防治技术等。本文旨在为我国北方海星暴发机制相关研究提供思路,为海星暴发灾害防治策略的制定提供理论支持。

关键词: 多棘海盘车, 海燕, 暴发, 扩散, 种群连通性

Abstract: In recent years, starfish outbreaks occurred frequently in northern China, causing serious economic losses to marine aquaculture. The most common outbreak starfish species are Asterias amurensis and Asterina pectini-fera. We systematically reviewed the related studies by introducing the biological characteristics, current outbreaking status, and main impact of A. amurensis and A. pectinifera, and by discussing the causes, formation process, and migration pattern of starfish outbreaks in northern China. The early life history stage drives starfish outbreak. The increases of larval survival rate is the key leading to population outbreak. Population connectivity is the vital clue to reveal the source and dispersal of starfish populations. On this basis, we proposed several scientific and technical issues that should be addressed urgently, including the determination of the outbreak threshold, the traceability of starfish population, and the methods of monitoring, early warning and control. It would provide insight into the research on the mechanism of starfish outbreaks and the theoretical support for formulating prevention and treatment strategies for starfish outbreaks in northern China.

Key words: Asterias amurensis, Asterina pectinifera, outbreak, dispersal, population connectivity

王玉, 顾炎斌, 郭皓, 曹林泉, 金媛. 中国北方海星暴发灾害研究进展和展望[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 1146-1152.

WANG Yu, GU Yanbin, GUO Hao, CAO Linquan, JIN Yuan. Advances and perspectives on the research of starfish outbreaks in northern China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(4): 1146-1152.

参考文献 63

[1]	Hatanaka M, Kosaka M. Biological studies on the population of the starfish, Asterias amurencis, in Sendai Bay. Tohoku Journal of Agricultural Research, 1958, 9: 159-178
[2]	Fukuyama AK, Oliver JS. Sea star and walrus predation on bivalves in Norton Sound, Bering Sea, Alaska. Ophelia, 1985, 24: 17-36
[3]	姜洪涛, 刘雨新, 辛晓东, 等. 海参敌害——海星(海燕). 齐鲁渔业, 2008, 25(9): 22-23
[4]	Australian Government. National Introduced Marine Pest Information System (NIMPIS), Species-Asterias amurensis[EB/OL]. (2022-03-24) [2022-08-08]. https://nimpis.marinepests.gov.au/species/species/105
[5]	张传东, 吕东浩. 灾害性生物“海星”暴发亟须引起重视. 人民政协报, 2021-03-25(6)
[6]	Kim YS. Histological observations of the annual change in the gonad of the starfish, Asterias amurensis Lüken. Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University, 1968, 19: 757
[7]	Nojima S, Soliman F, Kondo Y, et al. Some notes of the outbreak of the sea star Asterias amurensis versiclor Sla-den, in the Ariake Sea, western Kyshu. Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory Kyushu University, 1986, 8: 89-112
[8]	刘佳. 多棘海盘车摄食行为和繁殖生物学的初步研究. 硕士论文. 青岛: 中国海洋大学, 2012
[9]	李淑芸. 多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)行为生态特征及防治策略初探. 硕士论文. 青岛: 中国海洋大学, 2014
[10]	杜美荣, 张继红, 毛玉泽, 等. 多棘海盘车胚胎和早期幼虫发育. 渔业科学进展, 2014, 35(1): 133-138
[11]	周书珩, 王印庚. 近海水域海星泛滥引起的反思. 水产科学, 2008, 27(10): 555-556
[12]	张凤瀛. 中国动物图谱棘皮动物. 北京: 科学出版社, 1964: 62-70
[13]	Australian Government. Australian Emergency Marine Pest Plan: Rapid response manual for Asterias amurensis[EB/OL]. (2020-01) [2022-08-08]. https://www.marinepests.gov.au/what-we-do/emergency/response-manuals#generic-manual
[14]	Sutton CA, Bruce BD. Temperature and salinity tole-rances of the larvae of the Northern Pacific seastar Asterias amurensis. Hobart: CSIRO Division of Fisheries, 1996: 32
[15]	Turner E. A northern Pacific seastar, Asterias amurensis, in Tasmania. AMSA Bulletin, 1992, 120: 18-19
[16]	McLoughlin R, Thresher R. The North Pacific seastar: Australia’s most damaging marine pest? (Asterias amurensis). Search, 1994, 25: 69-71
[17]	Buttermore RE, Turner E, Morrice MG. The introduced northern Pacific seastar Asterias amurensis in Tasmania. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 1994, 36: 21-25
[18]	Chia FS, Oguro C, Komatsu M. Sea-star (asteroid) development. Oceanography and Marine Biology, 1993, 31: 223-257
[19]	Kashenko SD. The reaction of the starfish Asterias amurensis and Patiria pectinifera (Asteroidea) from Vostok Bay (Sea of Japan) to a salinity decrease. Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 2003, 29: 110-114
[20]	Davydov PV, Shubravyi OI, Vassetzky SG. The starfish Asterina pectinifera// Dettlaff TA, Vassetzky SG, eds. Animal Species for Developmental Studies. New York: Springer, 1990: 287-311
[21]	郭承华, 刘丽娟. 海燕组织中海星皂甙的分布及溶血指数的测定. 中国海洋药物, 2000, 19(3): 12-14
[22]	Thorson G. Modern aspects of marine level-bottom animal communities. Journal of Marine Research, 1955, 14: 387-397
[23]	齐占会, 王珺, 毛玉泽, 等. 两种海星对三种双壳贝类的捕食选择性和摄食率. 生态学报, 2013, 33(16): 4878-4884
[24]	Kim YS. An observation on the opening bivalve molluscs by starfish, Asterias amurensis. Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University, 1969, 20: 60-63
[25]	杨同玉. 青岛开发区采取三项举措应对海星. 海洋信息, 2006, 3(1): 30
[26]	Guillou M. Biotic and abiotic interactions controlling starfish outbreaks in the Bay of Douarnenez, Brittany, France. Oceanologica Acta, 1996, 19: 415-420
[27]	Ross DJ, Johnson CR, Hewitt CL. Impact of introduced seastars Asterias amurensis on survivorship of juvenile commercial bivalves Fulvia tenuicostata. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2002, 241: 99-112
[28]	Ross DJ, Johnson CR, Hewitt CL. Variability in the impact of an introduced predator (Asterias amurensis: Asteroidea) on soft-sediment assemblages. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2003, 288: 257-278
[29]	胶州湾海星入侵原因找到. 中国环境报, 2021-03-17(8)
[30]	Ling SD, Johnson CR. Native spider crab causes high incidence of sub-lethal injury to the introduced seastar Asterias amurensis. Echinoderms in a Changing World: Proceedings of the 13th International Echinoderm Confe-rence, Hobart, 2013: 195-201
[31]	Rogers JGD, Pláganyi ÉE, Babcock RC. Aggregation, Allee effects and critical thresholds for the management of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2017, 578: 99-114
[32]	Pratchett M, Caballes C, Wilmes J, et al. Thirty Years of Research on Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (1986-2016): Scientific Advances and Emerging Opportunities. Diversity, 2017, 9: 41
[33]	Goggin CL. Proceedings of a Meeting on the Biology and Management of the Introduced Seastar Asterias amurensis in Australian Waters. Hobart: CSIRO Marine Research, 1998
[34]	Kashenko SD. Responses of embryos and larvae of the starfish Asterias amurensis to changes in temperature and salinity. Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 2005, 31: 294-302
[35]	Hancock DA. The feeding behaviour of starfish on Essex oyster beds. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 1955, 34: 313-331
[36]	张鹏, 蔡建南, 叶成淼. 基于seawifs气候态月平均数据观测的黄渤海真光层时空变化特征分析. 地球科学前沿, 2015, 5(2): 63-68
[37]	Miyoshi K, Kuwahara Y, Miyashita K. Tracking the Northern Pacific sea star Asterias amurensis with acoustic transmitters in the scallop mariculture field of Hokkaido, Japan. Fisheries Science, 2018, 84: 349-355
[38]	Kwon IY, Shin HS, Jang JY, et al. Behavior patterns of Asterias amurensis and Asterina pectinifera according to changes in water temperature in indoor water tanks. Fisheries Technology Research Institute Report, 2014, 7: 23-28
[39]	李曰嵩, 陈新军, 杨红. 基于个体的东海鲐鱼生长初期生态模型的构建. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(6): 1695-1703
[40]	Dight IJ, James MK, Bode L. Modelling the larval dispersal of Acanthaster planci II. Patterns of reef connectivity. Coral Reefs, 1990, 9: 125-134
[41]	Dight IJ, Bode L, James MK. Modelling the larval dispersal of Acanthaster planci I. Large scale hydrodyna-mics, Cairns Section, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Coral Reefs, 1990, 9: 115-123
[42]	Franco BC, Palma ED, Combes V, et al. Physical processes controlling passive larval transport at the Patagonian Shelf Break Front. Journal of Sea Research, 2017, 124: 17-25
[43]	Bandelj V, Solidoro C, Laurent C, et al. Cross-scale connectivity of macrobenthic communities in a patchy network of habitats: The mesophotic biogenic habitats of the Northern Adriatic Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2020, 245: 106978
[44]	Cowen RK, Lwiza KM, Sponaugle S, et al. Connectivity of marine populations: Open or closed? Science, 2000, 287: 857-859
[45]	Paris CB, Chérubin LM, Cowen RK. Surfing, spinning, or diving from reef to reef: Effects on population connectivity. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2007, 347: 285-300
[46]	Munroe DM, Haidvogel D, Caracappa JC, et al. Mode-ling larval dispersal and connectivity for Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Fisheries Research, 2018, 208: 7-15
[47]	Cowen RK, Paris CB, Srinivasan A. Scaling of connectivity in marine populations. Science, 2006, 311: 522-527
[48]	Zhang X, Haidvogel D, Munroe D, et al. Modeling larval connectivity of the Atlantic surfclams within the Middle Atlantic Bight: Model development, larval dispersal and metapopulation connectivity. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2015, 153: 38-53
[49]	Yasuda N, Taquet C, Nagai S, et al. Genetic connecti-vity of the coral-eating sea star Acanthaster planci during the severe outbreak of 2006-2009 in the Society Islands, French Polynesia. Marine Ecology, 2015, 36: 668-678
[50]	Crandall ED, Treml EA, Liggins L, et al. Return of the ghosts of dispersal past: Historical spread and contemporary gene flow in the blue sea star Linckia laevigata. Bulletin of Marine Science, 2014, 90: 399-425
[51]	Yasuda N, Nagai S, Hamaguchi M, et al. Gene flow of Acanthaster planci (L.) in relation to ocean currents revealed by microsatellite analysis. Molecular Ecology, 2009, 18: 1574-1590
[52]	Harrison HB, Pratchett MS, Messmer V, et al. Microsatellites reveal genetic homogeneity among outbreak populations of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris) on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. Diversity, 2017, 9: 16
[53]	Timmers MA, Bird CE, Skillings DJ, et al. There’s no place like home: Crown-of-thorns outbreaks in the central Pacific are regionally derived and independent events. PLoS One, 2012, 7: e31159
[54]	Inoue J, Hisata K, Yasuda N, et al. An investigation into the genetic history of Japanese populations of three starfish, Acanthaster planci, Linckia laevigata, and Asterias amurensis, based on complete mitochondrial DNA sequences. G3-Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 2020, 10: 2519-2528
[55]	Keesing JK. Feeding biology of the crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus). PhD Thesis. Townsville: James Cook University of North Queensland, 1990
[56]	国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 12763.6—2007 海洋调查规范第6部分: 海洋生物调查. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2008
[57]	Martinez AS, Byrne M, Coleman RA. Unique tagging of small echinoderms: A case study using the cushion star Parvulastra exigua. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2013, 4: 993-1000
[58]	张天风, 樊伟, 戴阳. 海洋动物档案式标志及其定位方法研究进展. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(11): 3561-3566
[59]	Chen B, Yu K, Yao Q, et al. Insights into the environmental impact on genetic structure and larval dispersal of crown-of-thorns starfish in the South China Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2021, 8: 728349
[60]	Suzuki G, Yasuda N, Ikehara K, et al. Detection of a high-density brachiolaria-stage larval population of crown-of-thorns sea star (Acanthaster planci) in Sekisei Lagoon (Okinawa, Japan). Diversity, 2016, 8: 9
[61]	Wang Q, Wen Y, Li Y, et al. Ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor of bacterial 16S rRNA gene based on polyA DNA probes. Analytical Chemistry, 2019, 91: 9277-9283
[62]	Scandol JP. CotSim: An interactive Acanthaster planci metapopulation model for the central Great Barrier Reef. Marine Models, 1999, 1: 39-81
[63]	Matthews SA, Shoemaker K, Pratchett MS, et al. COTSMod: A spatially explicit metacommunity model of outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish and coral recovery. Advances in Marine Biology, 2020, 87: 259-290