太湖湿地生态系统有机氯污染的夜鹭生物指示

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 209-212.

太湖湿地生态系统有机氯污染的夜鹭生物指示

董元华, 安琼, 龚钟明, 王辉

中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008

收稿日期:2001-07-19 修回日期:2001-09-17 出版日期:2002-02-15
通讯作者: 董元华,男,1964年生,博士,研究员,主要从事环境污染与农产品质量安全、环境质量生物监测与生态安全预警方面的研究,发表论文40余篇,合著专著1部.E-mail:yhdong@issas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999011811);欧盟项目(EUINCODCContractIC18CT980294)

Bioindication of organochlorine pesticides by night heron in Taihu wetland ecosystem

DONG Yuanhua, An Qiong, GONG Zhongming, WANG Hui

Institute of Soil Science, Chiness Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008

Received:2001-07-19 Revised:2001-09-17 Online:2002-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 1999年春季,在对无锡鼋头渚鹭鸟种群野外生态调查的基础上,对夜鹭幼鸟反吐物、觅食地底泥和水体进行了采样,并在实验室用气相色谱测定了样品中的α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、艾氏剂、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、七氯、环氧七氯、p,p'-DDE、p,p'-DDD、o,p'DDT和p,p'-DDT等有机氯农药的残留状况.结果表明,在有机氯农药禁用近20年后,六六六的异构体和滴滴涕及其衍生物均能在环境中和夜鹭食物中有不同程度的检出.有机氯污染物沿夜鹭食物链产生逐级富集,太湖湿地生态系统中夜鹭卵富集了滴滴涕万倍以上,富集了六六六数千倍,从而使有机氯污染物易被检测.因此夜鹭卵可作为湿地生态系统有机氯污染的生物指示物.

关键词: 夜鹭, 有机氯农药, 食物链

Abstract: Based on field ecological investigation on the colony of herons in Yuantouzhu of Taihu in1999, the regugitated foods by chicks of night heron were collected for prey type identification and chemical analysis.Besides,eggs of night heron,and sediments and waters in foraging habitats were sampled for chemical analysis as well.α-HCH,β-HCH,γ-HCH,Aldrin,Dieldrin,Endrin,Heptachlor,Heptachlor epoxide,p,p'-DDE,p,p'-DDD,o,p'-DDTand p,p'-DDTwere determined in laboratory by gas chromatography.The results indicated that HCHisomers,DDTand its metabolites could be detected in various environments and preys of night heron,although the organochlorined chemicals were banned for almost 20 years.Moreover,The results showed that eggs of night heron could accumulate organochlorine pesticides by as much as a factor of 10³～10⁴,which can make chemical analysis much easier.So they are good bio-indicators for organochlorine contamination level in wetland environments.

Key words: Night heron, Organochlorine pesticides, Food chain

中图分类号:

X171

董元华, 安琼, 龚钟明, 王辉. 太湖湿地生态系统有机氯污染的夜鹭生物指示[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (2): 209-212.

DONG Yuanhua, An Qiong, GONG Zhongming, WANG Hui . Bioindication of organochlorine pesticides by night heron in Taihu wetland ecosystem[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (2): 209-212.

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