南海北部深水金线鱼生物学及最适开捕体长

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (12): 2428-2434.

南海北部深水金线鱼生物学及最适开捕体长

王雪辉¹, 邱永松¹, 杜飞雁^1,2

1. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部渔业生态环境重点开放实验室, 广州 510300;
2. 上海水产大学海洋学院, 上海 200090

收稿日期:2004-10-18 修回日期:2005-02-04 出版日期:2005-12-15 发布日期:2005-12-15
通讯作者: 王雪辉,E-mail:wxhscs@163.com..
基金资助:
国家"九五"海洋勘测专项(126-02-02-03)、农业部渔业生态环境重点开放实验室基金项目(2004-2)和广东省重大科技兴海资助项目(A200099E01).

Fisheries biology of Nemipterus bathybius and its optimum catchable size in northern South China Sea

WANG Xuehui¹, QIU Yongsong¹, DU Feiyan^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology Environment of Agriculture Ministry, South China Sea Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
2. Ocean College of Shanghai Fishery University, Shanghai 200090, China

Received:2004-10-18 Revised:2005-02-04 Online:2005-12-15 Published:2005-12-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据1964～1965年及199～1999年在南海北部采集的深水金线鱼生物学资料,对该鱼种群体结构、资源密度分布及其季节变化、生长和死亡参数及摄食习性进行了研究.结果表明,深水金线鱼的渔获样品体长范围为4.2～21.5 cm,体重范围为2.9～241 g,分别以9.6～14.0 cm和27～59 g占优势.资源密度以春季最高、夏季最低,分别为9.92 kg·km^-2和5.53 kg·km^-2.分布的区域性变化明显,在水深60～150 m之间,深水金线鱼的渔获量随水深的增加而增大.深水金线鱼的食物以长尾类、鱼类和头足类为主.应用FiSATⅡ软件的ELEFANⅠ技术拟合的von Bertalanffy生长方程参数分别为L_∞＝22.39 cm、k＝0.44 a^-1及t₀＝-0.63 a;用Pauly经验公式计算的自然死亡系数为M＝0.94;以长度变换渔获曲线法估算的总死亡系数为Z＝2.65.运用Beverton-Holt模型分析的结果表明,该群体的最适捕捞死亡系数为F＝2.9,最适开捕年龄和体长分别为1.1 a和12.0 cm.目前该群体已处捕捞过度状态,以捕捞幼鱼问题较为突出.建议南海北部深水金线鱼的最小可捕规格为体长12.0 cm.

关键词: 深水金线鱼, 渔业生物学, 最适开捕体长, ELEFAN技术, 南海北部

Abstract: Based on the investigation data in 1997～1999 and 1964～1965,this paper studied the population structure,stock density distribution and its seasonal variation,growth and mortality,as well as the feeding behaviour of Nemipterus bathybius (Snyber) in northern South China Sea.The results indicated that the body length of the samples was 4.2～21.5 cm,and body weight was 2.9～ 241 g,with the length of 9.6～14.0 cm and weight of 27～59 g as predominant.The stock density was the highest (9.92 kg·km^-2) in spring and the lowest (5.53 kg·km^-2) in summer,and had an obvious zonal distribution.Catch rate increased with the water depth in 60～150 m water zone.Macrura,fishes and cephalopods were the main foods of Nemipterus bathybius.The growth parameters of von Bertalanffy formula estimated with ELEFANⅠin FiSATⅡpackage were L_∞=22.39 cm,k=0.44 a^-1, and t₀=-0.63 a.The natural mortality calculated with Pauly's empirical equation was M=0.94,and the total mortality estimated by length-converted catch curve was Z=2.65.Assessment with Beverton-Holt model indicated that the optimum catchable age and body length were 1.1 a and 12 cm,respectively.The stock was over-exploited,mainly due to the capture of under-size juveniles.It was suggested that the legal body length of Nemipterus bathybiu at its first capture in northern South China Sea should be 12 cm.

Key words: Nemipterus bathybius, Fisheries biology, Optimum catchable size, ELEFAN technique, Northern South China Sea

中图分类号:

Q178.53

王雪辉, 邱永松, 杜飞雁. 南海北部深水金线鱼生物学及最适开捕体长[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(12): 2428-2434.

WANG Xuehui, QIU Yongsong, DU Feiyan. Fisheries biology of Nemipterus bathybius and its optimum catchable size in northern South China Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(12): 2428-2434.

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