土壤水分对返青期断根冬小麦补偿效应的影响

应用生态学报

土壤水分对返青期断根冬小麦补偿效应的影响

马守臣^1,4;徐炳成^1,2;李凤民^1,2;黄占斌³;刘琳^1,4;张晓红^1,4;杨慎娇^1,4

¹西北农林科技大学中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室，杨凌 712100；²兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室，兰州 730000；³中国矿业大学，北京 100083；⁴中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039

收稿日期:2005-10-31 修回日期:2006-07-31 出版日期:2006-10-18 发布日期:2006-10-18

Effects of soil moisture on the compensation effect of winter wheat with its partial roots cut off at returning green stage

MA Shouchen^1,4; XU Bingcheng^1,2; LI Fengmin^1,2; HUANG Zhanbin³; LIU lin^1,4; ZHANG Xiaohong^1,4; YANG Shenjiao^1,4

¹State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water Resources, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China;²Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology of Education Ministry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;³China University of Mining&Technology, Beijing 100083, China;⁴Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

Received:2005-10-31 Revised:2006-07-31 Online:2006-10-18 Published:2006-10-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过盆栽试验研究了不同土壤水分条件下返青期断根冬小麦的补偿效应.结果表明，断根小麦的早期生长受到抑制，叶面积在返青拔节期间显著下降，到开花期能恢复至对照水平.高水分条件下断根小麦拔节期的叶绿素荧光参数包括表观光合电子传递速率、实际光化量子产量、光化学淬灭系数、非光化学淬灭值均显著大于对照，开花后单茎干物质积累为0.81 g，显著大于对照（0.56 g），花后干物质积累系数比对照提高了38.79%，断根小麦根量虽有所下降但差异不显著；低水分条件下断根小麦的叶绿素荧光参数和花后干物质积累与对照之间没有显著差异，但断根小麦的根系生物量（7.83 g·pot^-1）显著小于对照（9.77 g·pot^-1）.土壤水分对断根小麦的地上生物量和籽粒产量的补偿效应没有显著影响.断根处理的冬小麦在两种土壤水分条件下均显著降低了耗水量，在整个生育期，高水分条件下冬小麦断根处理可节水2 000 ml左右，水分利用效率为1.97 g·kg ^-1，显著大于对照的1.70 g·kg ^-1；低水分条件下也可节水1 500 ml左右，水分利用效率虽有所提高，但未达到显著性差异.

关键词: 捕食性瓢虫, 控害功能, 作用评价

Abstract: The study with pot experiment showed that after cutting partial roots at returning green stage, the growth of winter wheat was restrained at early growth stage, and the leaf area was decreased significantly from returning green to jointing stage but restored to the level of the control at flowering stage. Under high soil moisture condition, root cutting increased the values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters ETR, Φ_{PS Ⅱ}, q_P and q_N at jointing stage significantly. The accumulated dry matter weight per stem after anthesis was significantly higher in root-cut wheat (0.81 g) than in the control (0.56 g), with the accumulation coefficient (AC) of root-cut wheat increased by 38.79%, but no significant difference was observed in root weight. Under low soil moisture condition, there were no significant differences in the values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and accumulated dry matter weight per stem after anthesis between root-cut wheat and the control, but the root weight of root-cut wheat decreased significantly. Soil moisture didn’t enhance the compensation effect of the aboveground biomass and grain yield of root-rut wheat. Root cutting reduced the water consumption of winter wheat significantly. Under high soil moisture condition, root-cut wheat saved 2 000 ml of water, and its water use efficiency (WUE) (1.97 g·kg^-1) was significantly higher than that of the control (1.70 g·kg^-1). Under low soil moisture condition, root-cut wheat saved 1 500 ml of water, but there was no significant difference in the WUE between root-cut wheat and the control.

Key words: Predacious ladybird, Biological control efficiency, Function assessment

马守臣^1,4;徐炳成^1,2;李凤民^1,2;黄占斌³;刘琳^1,4;张晓红^1,4;杨慎娇^1,4. 土壤水分对返青期断根冬小麦补偿效应的影响[J]. 应用生态学报.

MA Shouchen^1,4; XU Bingcheng^1,2; LI Fengmin^1,2; HUANG Zhanbin³; LIU lin^1,4; ZHANG Xiaohong^1,4; YANG Shenjiao^1,4. Effects of soil moisture on the compensation effect of winter wheat with its partial roots cut off at returning green stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.

[1]	戈峰, 刘向辉, 潘卫东, 丁岩钦. 棉田捕食性瓢虫控害功能的分析 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (7): 841-844.
[2]	戈峰, 刘向辉, 潘卫东, 丁岩钦. 棉田捕食性瓢虫控害功能的分析 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (7): 841-844.