平茬对塔里木沙漠公路沙拐枣防护林生长与土壤水盐分布的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (06): 1462-1468.

平茬对塔里木沙漠公路沙拐枣防护林生长与土壤水盐分布的影响

张建国^1,2,李应罡^2,3,徐新文^2**,雷加强²,李生宇²

(¹西北农林科技大学资源环境学院/农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100; ²中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011; ³新疆电力设计院, 乌鲁木齐 830002)

出版日期:2012-06-18 发布日期:2012-06-18

Effects of stumping on Calligonum mongolicum shelterbelt growth and soil moisture and salt distribution along Tarim Desert Highway, Xinjiang of Northwest China.

ZHANG Jian-guo^1,2, LI Ying-gang^2,3, XU Xin-wen², LEI Jia-qiang², LI Sheng-yu²

(¹Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agrienvironment in Northwest China, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; ²Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; ³Xinjiang Institute of Electric Power Design, Urumqi 830002, China)

Online:2012-06-18 Published:2012-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对塔里木沙漠公路防护林示范段老化衰败的沙拐枣林分进行平茬复壮试验,并对平茬后沙拐枣生长与土壤水盐分布进行动态监测.结果表明: 两次平茬后,沙拐枣萌蘖株的株高、冠幅、地径和萌蘖数均迅速增加.与对照相比,平茬后第3年,沙拐枣萌蘖株的平均株高超过对照,冠幅和最大地径分别达到对照的92.0%和73.0%;萌蘖株的枝鲜质量、同化枝鲜质量、枝干质量、同化枝干质量、地上部分总鲜质量和总干质量分别达到对照的80.0%、115.0%、800%、116.0%、93.5%和88.0%.平茬4年后地上生物量达到甚至超过对照.平茬能增加土壤含水量,且影响达到极显著水平；平茬能降低土壤含盐量,但影响不显著.对老化衰败的沙拐枣林进行重复平茬,能增加其土壤含水量,降低根系分布层土壤含盐量,有效促进其复壮更新.

关键词: 塔里木沙漠公路防护林, 沙拐枣, 平茬, 土壤水盐分布

Abstract: In order to ensure the stability and sustainability of the Calligonum mongolicumshelterbelt along Tarim Desert Highway, the aged C. mongolicum was stumped to investigate its growth and soil moisture and salt distribution. After stumping twice, C. mongolicum grew rapidly in its height, crown width, maximum basal diameter, and sprout number. Three years after stumping, the average height of the sprouts exceeded the control (no stumping), and the crown width and maximum basal diameter was 92.0% and 73.0% of the control, respectively. The fresh mass of the branches and assimilating branches, their dry mass, and the total fresh mass and dry mass of the aboveground parts reached 80.0%, 115.0%, 80.0%, 116.0%, 93.5%, and 88.0% of the control, respectively. Four years after stumping, the aboveground biomass surpassed the control. Comparing with the control, stumping increased the soil moisture content significantly and decreased the soil salt concentration. It was suggested that, to stump the aged C. mongolicum repeatedly could increase the soil moisture content and decrease the soil salt concentration in root zone, and effectively promote the rejuvenation and renewing of C. mongolicum.

Key words: Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt, Calligonummongolicum, stumping, soil moisture and salt distribution.

张建国1,2,李应罡2,3,徐新文2**,雷加强2,李生宇2. 平茬对塔里木沙漠公路沙拐枣防护林生长与土壤水盐分布的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(06): 1462-1468.

ZHANG Jian-guo1,2, LI Ying-gang2,3, XU Xin-wen2, LEI Jia-qiang2, LI Sheng-yu2. Effects of stumping on Calligonum mongolicum shelterbelt growth and soil moisture and salt distribution along Tarim Desert Highway, Xinjiang of Northwest China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(06): 1462-1468.

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