大穗型小麦产量形成过程中光合特性的动态变化

应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (07): 1846-1852.

大穗型小麦产量形成过程中光合特性的动态变化

王丽芳,徐宣斌^**,王德轩,上官周平

(西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨陵 712100)

出版日期:2012-07-18 发布日期:2012-07-18

Dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics in big-spike wheat yield formation.

WANG Li-fang, XU Xuan-bin, WANG De-xuan, SHANGGUAN Zhou-ping

(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China)

Online:2012-07-18 Published:2012-07-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在大田条件下，对8个大穗型小麦新品系和多穗型品种西农979(对照)的产量性状以及不同生育期叶片光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数、叶绿素含量(Chl)和叶面积指数(LAI)进行研究.结果表明：除单位面积穗数低于对照外，8个新品系的穗粒数、穗粒重和千粒重均显著高于对照，大穗型小麦新品系2036、2037、2038、2039和2040的产量显著高于对照；8个新品系的平均光合速率(P_n)与对照差异不显著，而PSⅡ最大光能转换效率、PSⅡ实际量子效率、光化学猝灭系数和PSⅡ反应中心活性均高于对照；品系2037、2040、2039、2038和2036的Chl比对照分别提高17.5%、19.1%、15.3%、13.9%和7.9%；大穗型小麦品系的LAI明显高于对照，且在生育后期下降缓慢.

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to investigate the yield traits, leaf photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content （Chl）, and leaf area index (LAI) of eight new big-spike wheat lines, with multiple-spike cultivar Xinong 979 (Triticum aestivum cv. Xinong 979) as the control. The eight new lines had significantly higher kernel numbers per spike, kernel qualities, and 1000grain mass but lower spike numbers per unit area, and the lines 2036, 2037, 2038, and 2040 had significantly higher yields than the control. The average net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of the eight new lines had no significant difference with that of the control, but the PSⅡ maximum energy conversion efficiency, PSⅡ actual photochemical efficiency, photochemical quenching coefficient, and PSⅡ reaction center activity of the lines were higher than those of the control. The leaf Chl of the lines 2037, 2040, 2039, 2038 and 2036 were 17.5%, 19.1%, 15.3%, 13.9%, and 7.9% higher than those of the control, and their LAI was significantly higher than that of the control and declined slowly in late growth period.

王丽芳,徐宣斌**,王德轩,上官周平. 大穗型小麦产量形成过程中光合特性的动态变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(07): 1846-1852.

WANG Li-fang, XU Xuan-bin, WANG De-xuan, SHANGGUAN Zhou-ping. Dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics in big-spike wheat yield formation.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(07): 1846-1852.