欢迎访问《应用生态学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (08): 2191-2198.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

条带休闲轮种对坡地水土流失和水分利用效率的影响

侯贤清,李荣,韩清芳,贾志**,王维,严波,杨宝平   

  1. (西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100)
  • 出版日期:2012-08-18 发布日期:2012-08-18

Effects of strip planting and fallow rotation on the soil and water loss and water use efficiency of slope farmland.

HOU Xian-qing, LI Rong, HAN Qing-fang, JIA Zhi-kuan, WANG Wei, YAN Bo, YANG Bao-ping   

  1. (Institute of WaterSaving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A & F University/ Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Physiecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China)
  • Online:2012-08-18 Published:2012-08-18

摘要: 为提高宁南旱区坡耕地土壤保水能力、减少水土流失,于2007—2010年在10°~15°坡耕地上,以传统无条带种植模式为对照,研究条带隔年休闲轮种模式对农田土壤水分动态、水土流失特征和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:经过4年休闲轮种,条带处理比传统无条带种植处理显著增加0~200 cm土层土壤含水量4.9%~7.0%;条带轮种比无条带模式有效保蓄雨季休闲期降水,明显改善了作物生育前期的土壤水分状况,条带处理0~200 cm土层土壤含水量比对照显著增加5.4%~8.5%.与对照相比,条带休闲轮种处理地表径流减少0.7~3.2 m3·hm-2,泥沙量减少0.2~1.9 t·hm-2,土壤全N损失量减少42.1%~73.3%,作物水分利用效率提高6.1%~24.9%,降水利用效率提高6.3%~15.3%.

Abstract: In order to enhance the soil water-retaining capacity of slope farmland and reduce its soil and water loss, a field study was conducted in 2007-2010 to examine the effects of strip planting and fallow rotation on the soil water regime, soil and water loss characteristics, and water use efficiency of a 10°-15° slope farmland in the arid area of southern Ningxia, Northwest China. Compared with the traditional nostrip planting, strip planting and fallow rotation increased the soil water content in 0-200 cm layer significantly, with an increment of 4.9%-7.0%. Strip planting and fallow rotation pattern could also effectively conserve the soil water in rain season, and obviously improve the soil water regime at crops early growth stages. As compared to nostrip planting, strip planting and fallow rotation increased the soil water content in 0-200 cm layer by 5.4%-8.5%, decreased the surface runoff by 0.7-3.2 m3·hm-2, sediment runoff by 0.2-1.9 t·hm-2, and soil total N loss by 42.1%-73.3%, while improved the crop water use efficiency by 6.1%-24.9% and the precipitation use efficiency by 6.3%-15.3%.