大田遮阴对夏玉米籽粒形成过程中内源激素作用的影响

应用生态学报

大田遮阴对夏玉米籽粒形成过程中内源激素作用的影响

崔海岩,靳立斌,李波,董树亭,刘鹏,赵斌,张吉旺^**

（作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院，山东泰安 271018）

出版日期:2014-05-18 发布日期:2014-05-18

Effects of shading on endogenous hormones regulation in kernel development of summer maize in the field.

CUI Hai-yan, JIN Li-bin, LI Bo, DONG Shu-ting, LIU Peng, ZHAO Bin, ZHANG Ji-wang

(State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China)

Online:2014-05-18 Published:2014-05-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以振杰2号（ZJ2）、登海605（DH605）和郑单958（ZD958）为试验材料，大田条件下设置花粒期遮阴（S₁）、穗期遮阴（S₂）和全生育期遮阴（S₃）3个处理，遮光度为60%，以自然光为对照（CK），研究大田遮阴对夏玉米籽粒形成过程中内源激素作用的影响.结果表明: 遮阴条件下，雌穗原基分化的总小花数、花丝数、受精小花数均较CK不同程度地减少，败育籽粒数增多，不同处理的穗粒数表现为CK>S₂>S₁>S₃，S₂、S₁和S₃的穗粒数较CK平均减少18.9%、43.7%和80.8%.遮阴后玉米籽粒的吲哚乙酸（IAA）、赤霉素（GA）和玉米素核苷（ZR）含量较CK略有降低，脱落酸（ABA）含量升高；且各处理的同一激素含量随籽粒发育的变化趋势一致.与正常籽粒相比，败育籽粒IAA含量的峰值由20 d前移至10 d，且积累少、下降快；GA和ZR含量均显著降低，而ABA含量在花后20 d内始终保持较高水平.因此，籽粒激素含量的变化可能是遮阴引起籽粒败育进而降低产量的重要原因之一.

Abstract: Taking 3 maize hybrids, Zhenjie 2 (ZJ2), Denghai 605 (DH605) and Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) as test materials, the effects of shading on the physiological function of endogenous hormones during grain formation of summer maize were investigated in the field. The ambient sunshine treatment was used as the control (CK) and 3 shading treatments with a shading degree of 60% were designed in growth periods ranging from tasseling to maturity (S₁), from jointing to tasseling stage (S₂) and whole growing period (S₃), respectively. Results showed that the total floret number, filament number and pollination floret number decreased after shading in comparison with CK, and aborted seeds increased accordingly. The kernels per ear showed an order of CK>S₂>S₁>S₃, and those of S₁, S₂ and S₃ were 18.9%, 43.7% and 80.8% lower than that of CK. The IAA, GA and ZR contents of normal grain in the shading treatments were lower than in CK, while the ABA content was opposite. The same hormone change with grain growth in all treatments presented a similar trend. Compared to normal grains, the maximum value of IAA content in aborted grains shifted from the 20th day to the 10th day after pollination, with less IAA accumulation and rapid reduction, and the contents of GA and ZR decreased significantly, while that of ABA was still high at the 20th day after pollination. Therefore, the effects of shading on hormone contents in grains might lead to grain abortion and yield reduction.

崔海岩,靳立斌,李波,董树亭,刘鹏,赵斌,张吉旺**. 大田遮阴对夏玉米籽粒形成过程中内源激素作用的影响[J]. 应用生态学报.

CUI Hai-yan, JIN Li-bin, LI Bo, DONG Shu-ting, LIU Peng, ZHAO Bin, ZHANG Ji-wang. Effects of shading on endogenous hormones regulation in kernel development of summer maize in the field.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.