Abstract: In order to demonstrate macrobenthic community structure dynamics and conduct a biological evaluation of water quality in Banqiao Reservoir, we collected seasonal samples from January to November 2014 across 15 sampling sites. A total of 17 species belonging to five families, four classes, and 3 phyla were identified, including 8 chironomidae, 4 oligochaeta and 5 mollusc. Bellamya aeruginosa, Corbicula fluminea, Branchiura sowerbyi, Pelopia sp. and Glyptotendipes sp. were the important species in Banqiao Reservoir. The total density, biomass and biodiversity of macrobenthos showed significant spatial and temporal differences. ANOSIM analysis indicated that the macrobenthic community structure also differed significantly among regions and seasons, and the main contributing species were Glyptotendipes sp., Pelopia sp. and B. sowerbyi. The abundancebiomass comparison curves (ABC curves) indicated that the current macrobenthic community in Banqiao Reservoir was stable. Combined with the biodiversity index, biological pollution index (BPI) and Hilsenhoff biotic index (BI), it was suggested that Banqiao Reservoir suffered slight pollution.