基于防灾目标的城市公园空间结构及合理性评价——邻域法在长春市的应用

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.008

应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 3641-3648.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.008

基于防灾目标的城市公园空间结构及合理性评价——邻域法在长春市的应用

李晓玲¹, 修春亮^2*, 程林³, 王女英⁴

¹东北师范大学地理科学学院, 长春 130024;
²东北大学江河建筑学院, 沈阳 110169;
³陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 西安 710119;
⁴北京大学城市与环境学院, 北京 100871

收稿日期:2015-03-08 出版日期:2016-11-18 发布日期:2016-11-18
通讯作者: E-mail: xiucl@nenu.edu.cn
作者简介:李晓玲,女,1987年生,博士研究生.主要从事城市地理及城市景观生态学研究. E-mail: lixl027@nenu.edu.cn
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金资助项目(41471141)资助

Evaluation on spatial structure and rationality of city parks based on goal of disaster prevention: An application of proximal area method in Changchun, China.

LI Xiao-ling¹, XIU Chun-liang^2*, CHENG Lin³, WANG Nyu-ying⁴

¹College of Geography Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;
²College of JangHo Architecture, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
³College of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China;
⁴College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2015-03-08 Online:2016-11-18 Published:2016-11-18
Contact: E-mail: xiucl@nenu.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41471141).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 防灾公园作为重要的空间要素之一,是城市应急避难场所建设的主要形式.基于防灾目标,运用邻域法对长春市公园布局合理性进行评价.结果表明:研究区防灾公园的空间分布不均衡,西北部密集、东南部稀疏,呈现出同一等级防灾公园集中分布、不同等级防灾公园分散分布的空间格局.防灾公园避难有效性较低.50%以上公园人均避难面积不足,近40%公园可达性超过最长避难时间.不同等级防灾公园的避难有效性存在显著差异,中心防灾公园最高、固定防灾公园次之、紧急防灾公园最差.针对长春市防灾公园布局不合理情况提出以下主要建议:不同等级防灾公园可采用镶嵌式的空间布局模式;公园设置标准应与人口分布趋势相对应;加强紧急防灾公园建设.

关键词: 邻域法, 长春市, 合理性评价, 防灾公园

Abstract: Urban shelter parks as one of the important urban elements are a main form of emergency shelters for a city. This study evaluated the spatial distribution of urban parks in Changchun City with the proximal area method based on disaster prevention goal. Results showed that the spatial distribution of urban shelter parks was unbalanced, with high concentration in the northwest and low concentration in the southeast. The spatial distribution of urban shelter parks of the same grade was concentrated, but the different grades were scattered. The validity of urban shelter parks was low. More than 50% of the park’s per capita refuge area was insufficient. For nearly 40% of the parks, their accessibility was longer than the longest evacuation time. There were significant differences in effectiveness for urban parks of different grades. The urban shelter parks for central disaster prevention were the best, followed by the designated urban shelter parks, whereas urban shelter parks for emergency disaster prevention were the least effective. In view of the layout unreasonable situation of disaster prevention parks in Changchun City, we made following recommendations: the spatial distribution of nesting urban shelter parks with different grades should be used; standards set for urban shelter parks should evolve with population; and the construction of urban shelter parks for emergency disaster prevention should be strengthened.

Key words: rationality evaluation, proximal area method, disaster prevention park, Changchun

李晓玲, 修春亮, 程林, 王女英. 基于防灾目标的城市公园空间结构及合理性评价——邻域法在长春市的应用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(11): 3641-3648.

LI Xiao-ling, XIU Chun-liang, CHENG Lin, WANG Nyu-ying. Evaluation on spatial structure and rationality of city parks based on goal of disaster prevention: An application of proximal area method in Changchun, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(11): 3641-3648.

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基于防灾目标的城市公园空间结构及合理性评价——邻域法在长春市的应用

Evaluation on spatial structure and rationality of city parks based on goal of disaster prevention: An application of proximal area method in Changchun, China.

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