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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 2600-2606.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201908.020

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干旱胁迫及复水对海滨木槿光合作用和生理特性的影响

施钦1, 包学文2, 华建峰1, 於朝广1, 殷云龙1, 芦治国1*   

  1. 1江苏省中国科学院植物研究所, 南京 210014;
    2南京森林警察学院, 南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-17 出版日期:2019-08-15 发布日期:2019-08-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: 513576906@qq.com
  • 作者简介:施钦,男,1991年生,硕士.主要从事植物资源与环境研究.E-mail:shiqin.cnbg@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省海洋科技创新专项(HY2018-5)、江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(17)1004]和江苏省林业三新项目(lysx[2016]53)

Effects of drought stress and recovery on photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of Hibiscus hamabo

SHI Qin1, BAO Xue-wen2, HUA Jian-feng1, YU Chao-guang1, YIN Yun-long1, LU Zhi-guo1*   

  1. 1Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
    2Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210014, China.

  • Received:2019-03-17 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: 513576906@qq.com

摘要: 选择2年生海滨木槿扦插苗为材料,通过自然干旱20 d而后复水(21 d),研究了其在干旱和复水过程中的光合作用和生理特性.结果表明: 经过20 d的干旱胁迫,在土壤含水量仅为5.9%的情况下海滨木槿全部成活.干旱胁迫显著降低了海滨木槿的净光合速率,实测值最高仅为1.1 μmol·m-2·s-1,最大光化学效率为对照的84.3%.可溶性蛋白和抗氧化酶同时积累,稳定细胞渗透势并清除干旱造成的脂膜过氧化物质.复水7 d后光合速率升高至对照的57.3%,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性随着丙二醛含量下降而下降.复水21 d后,海滨木槿抗氧化酶、可溶性蛋白和叶片相对含水量均恢复至对照水平,干旱处理总生物量虽显著降低,但根冠比显著提高.海滨木槿具有极强的耐旱能力,是适用于沿海地区景观改良和道路绿化的重要树种.

Abstract: A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the photosynthetic and physiological responses of two-year-old cuttings of Hibiscus hamabo to the drought stress (20 days) and subsequent rewatering (21 days). The results showed that after 20-day drought, all individuals were survived in spite of the 5.9% soil water content. Drought stress drastically reduced net photosynthetic rate of H. hamabo, with the highest value only being 1.1 μmol·m-2·s-1. Drought stress declined the maximum photochemical efficiency to 84.3% compared with the control plants. Under drought stress, H. hamabo could stabilize cell osmotic potential and eliminate the drought-caused lipid peroxidation by coordinating the accumulation of soluble protein and antioxidant enzymes. After rewatering for seven days, net photosynthetic rate of treated H. hamabo recovered to 57.3% of that under control treatment. Meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased with the decline of malondialdehyde content. After rewatering for 21 days, no significant differences in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, soluble protein and relative water were found between the treated and control treatment. At harvest, the total biomass of treated H. hamabo decreased, while the root-shoot ratio remarkably increased when compared with control plants. In short, our results indicated strong drought tolerance of H. hamabo, which could play important roles in landscape improvement and greening in coastal areas.