氮沉降对乌药幼苗生理生态特性的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (10): 2766-2772.

氮沉降对乌药幼苗生理生态特性的影响

王强^1,2,金则新^2**,彭礼琼^2,3

(¹上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院，上海 200030； ²台州学院生态研究所，浙江临海 317000； ³北京林业大学自然保护区学院，北京 100083)

出版日期:2012-10-18 发布日期:2012-10-18

Effects of nitrogen deposition on leaf physiological and ecological characteristics of Lindera aggregata seedlings.

WANG Qiang^1,2, JIN Ze-xin², PENG Li-qiong^2,3

(¹College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200030, China; ²Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China; ³School of Nature Reserve, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)

Online:2012-10-18 Published:2012-10-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2010年6月—2011年7月，采用盆栽模拟氮沉降试验，比较了不同氮浓度处理(CK 0 g·m^-2·a^-1、低氮 2 g·m^-2·a^-1、中氮8 g·m^-2·a^-1、高氮32 g·m^-2·a^-1)下乌药幼苗光合作用、相对叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、抗氧化酶活性及膜脂过氧化的差异，探讨氮沉降对乌药幼苗生理生态特性的影响.结果表明：经过1年的低氮、中氮和高氮处理，乌药幼苗叶片的日均净光合速率(P_n)和最大净光合速率(P_{n max})分别比对照增加了47.0%、117.8%、41.2%和82.6%、191.3%、152.2%；3种氮处理的乌药幼苗叶片日均P_n、P_{n max}均以中氮处理最高.不同氮浓度处理后乌药幼苗叶片的日均胞间CO₂浓度、日均气孔导度、光饱和点和表观量子效率均高于对照，暗呼吸速率以高氮处理最高.乌药幼苗叶片的相对叶绿素含量以中氮处理最高，其次是高氮处理，低氮处理与对照无显著差异.不同氮处理使乌药幼苗叶片的叶绿素荧光参数发生改变，PSⅡ原初光能转化效率、PSⅡ潜在活性均以高氮处理最低.3种氮处理的乌药幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶活性均高于对照，而过氧化物酶活性、丙二醛含量、膜透性均以高氮处理最高.氮沉降提高了乌药幼苗的光合能力，以中氮处理的效果最为明显，对其他生理指标也产生了不同程度的影响.

Abstract: From June 2010 to July 2011, a pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of nitrogen deposition on the leaf physiological and ecological characteristics of Lindera aggregate seedlings. Three levels of NH₄NO₃, i.e., lowN (2 g·m^-2·a^-1), mediumN (8 g·m^-2·a^-1), and highN (32 g·m^-2·a^-1), were added to simulate nitrogen deposition, and the seedling leaf photosynthesis, relative chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, membrane lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined. After oneyear treatment, the daily mean values of the net photosynthetic rate (P_n) and the maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_{n max}) at low, medium and high levels of NH₄NO₃ addition were 47.0%, 117.8% and 41.2%, and 82;6%, 191.3% and 152.2% higher than those of the control (no NH₄NO₃ addition), respectively, with the highest values at medium level of NH₄NO₃ addition. The intercellular CO₂ concentration, daily mean stomatal conductance, light saturation point, and apparent quantum yield in the three treatments of NH₄NO₃
addition were all higher than those of the control, and the dark respiration rate was the highest in treatment high-N. The relative chlorophyll content was the highest in treatment medium-N, followed by in treatment highN, and had no significant difference between treatment lowN and the control. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters varied with the levels of NH₄NO₃ addition. The PSⅡ primary chemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and PSⅡ potential activity (F_v/F_o) were the lowest in treatment high-N, the superoxide dismutase activity was higher in nitrogen addition treatments than in the control, and the peroxidase activity, malonydialdehyde content, and membrane permeability were the highest in treatment high-N. All the results suggested that nitrogen deposition enhanced the photosynthetic ability of L. aggregata seedlings, with the most obvious effects in treatment medium-N, and altered the other physiological traits of the seedlings to different degrees.

王强1,2,金则新2**,彭礼琼2,3. 氮沉降对乌药幼苗生理生态特性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(10): 2766-2772.

WANG Qiang1,2, JIN Ze-xin2, PENG Li-qiong2,3. Effects of nitrogen deposition on leaf physiological and ecological characteristics of Lindera aggregata seedlings.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(10): 2766-2772.