Abstract: By combining field investigation and indoor chemical analysis, the relationship between tumorous stem mustard yield and soil fertility factors was investigated in the main planting areas of tumorous stem mustard in Fuling, Southwest China. The results showed that available Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in the soil were rich (3034, 260, 11.2, 26.1, 1.15 and 1.50 mg·kg^-1, respectively), available P was moderate (19.3 mg·kg^-1), and organic matter, available N, available K and available S were deficient (9.05 g·kg^-1, 89.2 mg·kg^-1, 106 mg·kg^-1 and 27.0 mg·kg^-1, respectively). The yield of tumorous stem mustard was significantly positively correlated with soil pH and available Ca, whilst significantly (P<0.01) negatively correlated with available Fe. The influence order of soil fertility factors on the yield of tumorous stem mustard was available Mn > available Cu > pH > available Fe > available K > available Ca > available Mg > available S > available N > available Zn > organic matter > available P. The linear equation (Y=31636+3.63X₆) of soil available Ca and the yield, was established by stepwise regression analysis.