不同肥力水平下糜子生长状况及农田小气候特征比较

应用生态学报

不同肥力水平下糜子生长状况及农田小气候特征比较

张盼盼^1,2,周瑜¹,宋慧³,乔治军⁴,王海岗⁴,郑殿峰²,冯佰利^1**

(¹旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室/西北农林科技大学，陕西杨凌 712100； ²国家杂粮工程技术研究中心/黑龙江八一
农垦大学，黑龙江大庆 163319； ³安阳市农业科学院，河南安阳 455000； ⁴山西省农业科学院品种资源研究所，太原 030031)

出版日期:2015-02-18 发布日期:2015-02-18

Comparison of growth and field microclimate characteristics of broomcorn millet under different fertilization conditions.

ZHANG Pan-pan^1,2, ZHOU Yu¹, SONG Hui³, QIAO Zhi-jun⁴, WANG Hai-gang⁴, ZHENG Dian-feng², FENG Bai-li^1

(¹State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology on Drought Regions/Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi， China； ^2National
Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang August First Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; ³Anyang Agricultural Science Academy, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; ⁴Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shanxi Agricultural Science Academy, Taiyuan 030031, China)

Online:2015-02-18 Published:2015-02-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以强抗旱品种陇糜8号和旱敏感品种晋糜4号为材料，采用田间试验和室内分析相结合的方法，研究了旱地不同施肥水平下不同糜子品种开花期至成熟期生长状况、农田小气候特征和光合能力的差异.结果表明：与不施肥处理相比，增施肥料能够降低糜子群体内冠层温度、株间气温、土壤温度，减少漏光损失，增加株间相对湿度；整个籽粒灌浆期，随着肥力水平的提高，糜子株高、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、叶面积指数(LAI)、旗叶净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO₂浓度基本呈增加趋势，其中，以高肥处理下的各生长状况指标、光合特性指标最高，分别比不施肥处理高9.2%、15.1%、56.6%、17.8%、24.6%、14.2%、29.7%.与晋糜4号相比，陇糜8号群体内具有较高的植株高度、LAI和SPAD，较低的冠层温度、株间气温、土壤温度、株间光照度，较高的株间相对湿度，表现出冷湿的特点；各光合特性指标下降较慢，从而延长了叶片光合功能期，有利于制造出较多的光合产物.

Abstract:

A field experiment with two broomcorn millet varieties Longmi 8 (strong droughtresistant variety) and Jinmi 4 (droughtsensitive variety) was conducted to compare their differences in growth, field microclimate and photosynthetic capacity from anthesis to maturity under different fertility conditions. The results showed that, fertilization decreased canopy temperature, air temperature, soil temperature, illumination, but improved the relative humidity among broomcorn millet plants compared with the nonfertilization treatment. With an increase of the fertilizer level, the plant height, SPAD, LAI, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration in broomcorn millet showed an increasing trend, which of the high fertilization treatment were 9.2%, 15.1%, 56.6%, 17.8%, 24.6%, 14.2%, 29.7% higher than those of nonfertilization treatment, respectively. Compared with Jinmi 4, Longmi 8 showed a cold wet characteristic, with lower canopy temperature, air temperature, soil temperature, illumination, and higher plant height, LAI, SPAD and relative humidity during grain filling. Moreover, each photosynthetic index of Longmi 8 slowly decreased and extended the period of leaf photosynthetic function so as to accumulate more photosynthetic products.

张盼盼1,2,周瑜1,宋慧3,乔治军4,王海岗4,郑殿峰2,冯佰利1**. 不同肥力水平下糜子生长状况及农田小气候特征比较[J]. 应用生态学报.

ZHANG Pan-pan1,2, ZHOU Yu1, SONG Hui3, QIAO Zhi-jun4, WANG Hai-gang4, ZHENG Dian-feng2, FENG Bai-li1. Comparison of growth and field microclimate characteristics of broomcorn millet under different fertilization conditions.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.