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生物炭对茶园土壤CO2和N2O排放量及微生物特性的影响

胡雲飞**,李荣林,杨亦扬   

  1. (江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所/江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室, 南京 210014)
  • 出版日期:2015-07-18 发布日期:2015-07-18

Effects of biochar on CO2 and N2O emissions and microbial properties of tea garden soils.

HU Yun-fei, LI Rong-lin, YANG Yi-yang   

  1. (Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Horticulture Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China)
  • Online:2015-07-18 Published:2015-07-18

摘要: 以茶叶修剪物制备的生物炭为试验材料,采集多年种植茶树的酸化土壤进行室内培养试验,探究以0.5%、1.5%、2.5%和3.5%的不同生物炭比例添加至茶园土壤中,对茶园土壤CO2和N2O气体排放、pH值和微生物群落的影响.结果表明: 与空白对照处理相比,生物炭添加在短期内对CO2和N2O气体排放具有一定的促进作用,增强C、N的矿化率,但促进作用随着生物炭施用量的增加而减弱.不同生物炭处理对土壤pH值、脱氢酶及微生物生物量碳具有增加作用.检测土壤中不同标记的磷脂脂肪酸PLFA发现,添加1.5%的生物炭处理组中土壤磷脂脂肪酸含量最高,为(203.93±3.14) μg·g-1,与对照差异显著(P<0.05).其中16:0、14:0(细菌)、18:1ω9c(真菌)、10Me18:0(放线菌)标记含量较高,不同处理的单个磷脂脂肪酸含量差异显著(P<0.05).表明添加生物炭能改善茶园酸性土壤,提升土壤微生物生物量及微生物数量.

Abstract: To clarify the effects of biochar addition (0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5%) on the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), pH and microbial communities of the tea garden soil, an indoor incubation experiment was conducted using the acidulated teaplanted soil. Results showed that the emissions of CO2 and N2O and the rate of C, N mineralization were increased in a short term after the addition of biochar  compared with the control, while the promoting effect was weakened along with increasing the addition of biochar. The pH, dehydrogenase activity and  microbial biomass carbon were increased in the biochar treatments. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) with different markers was measured and the most PLFA was detected in the group in the 1.5% biochar treatment with significant differences (P<0.05) compared with the control. In addition, the higher levels of 16:0, 14:0 (bacteria), 18:1ω9c (fungi), 10Me18:0 (actinomycetes) groups were observed and there were significant differences (P<0.05) in individual phospholipid fatty acid among the different treatments. Taken together, the acidulated teaplanted soil, soil microbial biomass and microbial number were improved after addition of biochar.