基于GIS的朗乡自然保护区露营旅游地适宜度空间格局

应用生态学报

基于GIS的朗乡自然保护区露营旅游地适宜度空间格局

袁维^1,2,张杰^1*,谭继强³,周波⁴,康瑞存⁵,王爱红⁶,刘威²,张璐^2

（¹东北林业大学野生动物资源学院, 哈尔滨 150040; ²东北农业大学园艺学院, 哈尔滨 150030; ³黑龙江测绘地理信息局, 哈尔滨 150086; ⁴北京市海淀区园林绿化局, 北京 100089; ⁵黑龙江地理信息工程院, 哈尔滨 150086; ^6中国园林博物馆, 北京 100072）

出版日期:2015-09-18 发布日期:2015-09-18

Suitability of spatial pattern of camping sites in Langxiang Natural Reserve, Northeast China, based on GIS technology.

YUAN Wei^1,2, ZHANG Jie¹, TAN Ji-qiang³, ZHOU Bo⁴, KANG Rui-cun⁵, WANG Ai-hong⁶, LIU Wei², ZHANG Lu²

(¹College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; ^2College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; ³Heilongjiang Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, Harbin 150086, China; ^4Beijing Haidian Gardens Bureau, Beijing 100089, China;  ⁵Heilongjiang Institute of Geomatics Engineering, Harbin 150086, China; ⁶Museum of Chinese Gardens and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100072, China)

Online:2015-09-18 Published:2015-09-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自然保护区开展生态旅游是增强自养能力、实现可持续发展的有效途径.以黑龙江朗乡省级自然保护区实验区域为研究对象、小班为研究单位、露营旅游地环境适宜度空间格局为研究内容,构建以自然环境、地理安全、基础设施、交通为项目层的评价指标体系;采用层次分析(AHP)与特尔菲相结合的方法确定指标权重;利用3S实测、调研数据为支撑,运用GIS的空间信息处理技术综合判读,绘制朗乡自然保护区露营旅游地环境适宜度空间分布图.结果表明: 在研究区域1067个小班中,适宜度量化的最高得分为90分,最低为78分,平均分为83.66分,最适宜开展露营旅游的小班面积为1094.44 hm²,占实验区域总面积的12.2%.研究区域适宜度较高的小班分布均匀且集中,破碎化程度较低,可以考虑将得分高且相邻的小班整合,进行露营旅游活动.由于露营旅游地环境适宜度处于较高级水平,朗乡自然保护区实验区域适合开发露营旅游.基于3S技术,采用数学模型的方法可以实现自然保护区生态旅游环境用地条件的快速、定量评估.

Abstract: It is an effective way for natural reserves to enhance selfsupportive ability and realize sustainable development by developing ecotourism. Taking the experimental zone of Langxiang Natural Reserve in Heilongjiang Province as research object, the forest subcompartment as research unit, and spatial pattern of environmental suitability of camping sites as research content, an evaluation index system taking natural environment, geographical security, infrastructure and traffic as project levels was built. Delphi and AHP methods were used to determine index weights. A spatial distribution map of camping environmental suitability in Langxiang Natural Reserve was drawn using the GIS spatial information processing technology based on “3S” measurement and the survey data. The results showed that the highest score for quantification of environmental suitability was 90, while the lowest score was 78, and the average value was 83.66 in the 1067 forest sub-compartments for test. The area of forest subcompartments which were suitable for camping was 1094.44 hm², being 12.2% of the experimental zone. The forest sub-compartments which had high environmental suitability in the research area were distributed uniformly and centralized with low degree of fragmentation. It was suggested that the contiguous forest sub-compartments with high scores of environmental suitability could be integrated for camping tourism. Due to the high level of environmental suitability for camping, the experimental zone of Langxiang Natural Reserve is suitable for developing camping tourism. Based on “3S” technology, the land use conditions of ecotourism environment of a natural reserve could be evaluated quickly and quantitatively by mathematical model.

袁维1,2,张杰1*,谭继强3,周波4,康瑞存5,王爱红6,刘威2,张璐2. 基于GIS的朗乡自然保护区露营旅游地适宜度空间格局[J]. 应用生态学报.

YUAN Wei1,2, ZHANG Jie1, TAN Ji-qiang3, ZHOU Bo4, KANG Rui-cun5, WANG Ai-hong6, LIU Wei2, ZHANG Lu2. Suitability of spatial pattern of camping sites in Langxiang Natural Reserve, Northeast China, based on GIS technology.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.