短小芽孢杆菌AR03对烟草赤星病菌和白粉病菌的防治

应用生态学报

短小芽孢杆菌AR03对烟草赤星病菌和白粉病菌的防治

王静^1**,田华^1,2,孔凡玉¹,王贻鸿^1,2,张成省¹,冯超^1

(¹中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所烟草行业烟草病虫害监测及综合治理重点实验室，山东青岛 266101； ^2中国农业科学院研究生院，北京 100081)

出版日期:2015-10-18 发布日期:2015-10-18

Inhibition of Bacillus pumilus AR03 on Alternaria alternata and Erysiphe cichoracearum on tobacco.

WANG Jing¹, TIAN Hua^1,2, KONG Fan-yu¹, WANG Yi-hong^1,2, ZHANG Cheng-sheng¹, FENG Chao^1

(¹Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling & Integrated Management, Qingzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corp, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; ²Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

Online:2015-10-18 Published:2015-10-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用对峙培养法、凹玻片法、LB琼脂培养基萌发法测定短小芽孢杆菌AR03对烟草赤星病菌和白粉病菌的抑制作用.结果表明： AR03菌液对2种病菌的菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发均有明显的拮抗作用；对赤星病菌的抑制作用表现为:经AR03菌液原液(3×10⁸cfu·mL^-1)处理的菌丝隔间变短、肿胀且集结成团，内含物聚集，菌丝顶端生长膨大畸形；经该菌液处理的赤星病菌分生孢子不萌发或萌发产生畸形芽管，分生孢子变形、肿大，纵横分隔部分的组织膨胀呈泡状.AR03菌液原液、30倍液和200倍液对白粉病菌分生孢子萌发的平板抑制率分别为100%、91.4%和 69.3%，菌液对分生孢子萌发的破坏作用表现为分生孢子不萌发，细胞肿胀变形、细胞原生质解体或收缩，孢子内、外壁分离，由于原生质外泄，一些分生孢子内部呈中空状.温室防治试验结果表明：不同浓度AR03菌悬液处理对烟草白粉病的防治效果存在显著差异，第二次药后7和15 d，AR03菌液原液的防治效果分别达到83.8%和90.3%，与对照药剂差异不显著；而100倍稀释液的防效分别为70.0%和73.3%，与对照药剂差异显著.AR03菌株防治白粉病的持效期为30 d以上.

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Bacillus pumilus AR03 against Altenaria alternata and Erysiphe cichoracearum. The antagonistic activities were studied in the way of coculture on plate, inhibition of pathogen conidia germination on concave slides and LB agar medium. In the investigation, the water suspension of living cells of strain AR03, at 3×10⁸ cfu·mL^-1 had a remarkable inhibition effect on hyphae growth and conidia germination of A. alternata and caused hyphae deformation, shorter and swollen nodes, winding hyphae accumulation, abnormal tubes with tips expanded or deformed. Conidia did not germinate and the tissues of compartment became swollen or formed a round spherical bubble. In addition, the inhibition rate of conidia germination of E. cichoracearum was 91.3% and 69.3%, respectively when treated with strain AR03 at 1×10⁷cfu·mL^-1 and 1.5×10⁶ cfu·mL^-1. Conidia treated by living cells of AR03 became swollen, deformed, the protoplasm of conidia shrinked, disintegrated gradually and separated from the conidia wall. And some conidia were hollow because the protoplasm leaked out from inside. Greenhouse results revealed that the effects of living cells of AR03 with different concentrations were significantly different. Bacterial suspension of AR03 at 3×108 cfu·mL^-1 was strongly antagonistic to E. cichoracearum with the control efficiencies 7 days and 15 days after treatment of two spays being 83.8% and 90.3%, respectively, while the control efficiencies of AR03 at 3×106 cfu·mL^-1 were 70.0% and 73.3%, respectively. Strain AR03 had a long persistence against powdery mildew more than 30 days.

王静1**,田华1,2,孔凡玉1,王贻鸿1,2,张成省1,冯超1. 短小芽孢杆菌AR03对烟草赤星病菌和白粉病菌的防治[J]. 应用生态学报.

WANG Jing1, TIAN Hua1,2, KONG Fan-yu1, WANG Yi-hong1,2, ZHANG Cheng-sheng1, FENG Chao1. Inhibition of Bacillus pumilus AR03 on Alternaria alternata and Erysiphe cichoracearum on tobacco.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.