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北京4种典型风景游憩林对林内PM2.5的调控作用

张志丹1,曹治国2,贾黎明1**   

  1. 1北京林业大学省部共建森林培育学科与保护重点实验室, 北京 100083; 2河南师范大学环境学院/黄淮水环境污染防治省部共建教育部重点实验室/河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 河南新乡 453007)
  • 出版日期:2015-11-18 发布日期:2015-11-18

Regulation of four typical scenic recreational plantations to stand PM2.5 concentration in Beijing, China.

ZHANG Zhi-dan1, CAO Zhi-guo2, JIA Li-ming1   

  1. (1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; 2School of Environment, Henan Normal University/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control/Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China)
  • Online:2015-11-18 Published:2015-11-18

摘要: 为研究风景游憩林中PM2.5浓度的变化规律及其对气象因子的响应,并分析不同林分对PM2.5浓度的调控作用,在2013年夏、秋、冬季于北京市奥林匹克森林公园内对北京4种典型结构风景游憩林(华山松-银杏混交林、毛白杨-白蜡混交林、毛白杨纯林、多树种复层混交林)中的PM2.5浓度及相关气象因子进行实时测定(共28个观测日).结果表明: 在不同空气污染级别下林分内PM2.5浓度的日变化无统一规律,但在同一污染级别下4种林分的PM2.5浓度日变化规律基本一致.当风力为0~2级时,在各污染级别下4片林分内PM2.5浓度的日均值\[观测时段内(9: 00—15: 00)PM2.5浓度平均值\]无显著差异.林内PM2.5浓度与空气相对湿度呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与气温呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与风速不相关.相对于林分外空地,林分内PM2.5浓度变化比例在-21.4%~33.2%,其与空气相对湿度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与风速和气温不相关.林分对PM2.5浓度的调控作用包含增加和降低两种效应,本研究中,这种调控作用发生转变的空气相对湿度临界值为67%.

Abstract: To study the variation of PM2.5 concentration in scenic recreational plantations and its response to meteorological factors, and to analyze the regulation effect of different stands on PM2.5 concentration, in the summer, autumn and winter of 2013, PM2.5 concentration and relevant meteorological factors in four typical scenic recreational plantations (Pinus armandii-Ginkgo biloba mixed plantation, Populus tomentosa-Fraxinus chinensi mixed plantation, Populus tomentosa pure plantation, multiple-species-layered mixed plantation) were simultaneously monitored, in Beijing Olympic Forest Park (the observation was conducted continuously for 28 days). The results showed that the daily variation of PM2.5 concentration in the four stands didn’t represent a unified pattern at different air pollution levels, but were basically consistent at the same pollution level. When the wind force was 0-2 grade, there was no significant difference among daily average PM2.5 concentrations \[the average PM2.5concentration during the observation period (9:00—15:00)\] in the four stands at each pollution level. Stand PM2.5 concentration was positively correlated to air relative humidity (P<0.01), negatively correlated with air temperature (P<0.05), but uncorrelated with wind speed. Changed percentage of stand PM2.5 concentration compared to the space varied between -21.4% and 33.2%, and it was negatively correlated with air relative humidity (P<0.05), but not correlated with the wind speed and air temperature. The regulation effects of the four stands on PM2.5 concentration included both increasing and decreasing effects, and in this study, the critical value of air relative humidity was 67% when this regulation shifted.