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小兴安岭红松针阔混交林立木掘根特征

葛晓雯1,侯捷建1,王立海1,2*,王兴龙1,荣宾宾1   

  1. (1东北林业大学工程技术学院,  哈尔滨 150040; 2东北林业大学森林作业与森林环境中心,  哈尔滨 150040)
  • 出版日期:2016-02-18 发布日期:2016-02-18

Tree uprooting of coniferousbroad leaved Korean pine mixed forest in Lesser Khingan Mountains, China.

GE Xiao-wen1, HOU Jie-jian1, WANG Li-hai1,2*, WANG Xing-long1, RONG Bin-bin1   

  1. (1College of Engineering and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; 2Forest Operations and Forest Environment Research Centre, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)
  • Online:2016-02-18 Published:2016-02-18

摘要: 测定了小兴安岭红松针阔混交林76个样方(20 m×20 m)内127株掘根倒木的形态指标、根系指标和立地条件,分析掘根差异的影响因子以及掘根木外形参数与根部土壤的关系.结果表明:不同树种的掘根数量差异显著,以冷杉受掘根危害最重,红松次之,榆树最轻.阔叶树种的抗掘根性能优于针叶树种.树木对掘根的抗性随胸径和树高的增加先快速降低后逐渐升高,分别在20 cm径级和14 m高度级处达到最低;树木尖削度和树冠投影面积越小,抗掘根性能越好;掘根率与林分密度呈显著负相关.处于湿地、缓坡、中低海拔处或迎风坡的树木掘根风险更大.掘根时受扰动土壤的深度、面积及体积与倒木胸径、树高及材积之间呈显著相关.

Abstract: The morphological parameters, root wad indexes and site conditions of 127 uprooting trees from 76 plots (20 m×20 m) in Lesser Khingan coniferousbroad leaved Korean pine mixed forest were measured. Then the influencing factors of uprooting differences and the relationship between uprooting trees and disturbed soil were analyzed. Results showed that the number of uprooting trees varied significantly among species. Abies nephrolepis suffered the most serious uprooting damage, then Pinus koraiensis, and Ulmus spp. the least. Deciduous species had a stronger uprootingresistant capacity than broadleaved species. With the increase of tree DBH and height, tree’s uprooting resistance declined rapidly first and then was gradually enhanced, and finally reached the minimum at diameter class of 20 cm and height class of 14 m, respectively. The smaller the taper degree and projected area of crown were, the stronger the uprooting resistance was. Uprooting rate was negatively correlated with stand density. Trees lying in wet ground, flat terrain, medium low altitude area and windward slope had a greater risk of uprooting. There were significant positive correlation between the depth, area and volume of disturbed soil and the DBH, height, volume of uprooting trees.