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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 209-216.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201901.040

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

鄱阳湖流域长期施肥下双季稻田的土壤基础地力

柳开楼1,2,韩天富1,黄庆海2,余喜初2,李大明2,马常宝3,薛彦东3,张会民1*   

  1. 1中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室, 北京 100081;
    2江西省红壤研究所/国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心, 南昌 330046;
    3农业农村部耕地质量监测保护中心, 北京 100125
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-31 修回日期:2018-12-06 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
  • 通讯作者: zhanghuimin@caas.cn
  • 作者简介:柳开楼, 男, 1984年生, 博士研究生, 助理研究员. 主要从事土壤培肥与改良研究. E-mail: liukailou@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300901,2016YFD0200101)、江西省水稻产业技术体系项目(JXARS-02-06)和公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503122)资助

Basic soil productivity in the double rice cropping system under long-term fertilization regimes in the Poyang Lake region, China

LIU Kai-lou1,2, HAN Tian-fu1, HUANG Qing-hai2, YU Xi-chu2, LI Da-ming2, MA Chang-bao3, XUE Yan-dong3, ZHANG Hui-min1*   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Beijing 100081, China;
    2Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Nanchang 330046, China;
    3Center of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Protection, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China
  • Received:2018-05-31 Revised:2018-12-06 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300901,2016YFD0200101), the Innovation Plan of Scientific and Research in Modern Agriculture, Jiangxi Province, China (JXARS-02-06), and the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201503122).

摘要: 为探讨鄱阳湖流域不同施肥措施的土壤基础地力变化规律,基于长期施肥定位试验(始于1981年),采集定位30年时的不施肥(CK)、施用氮磷钾肥(NPK)和氮磷钾肥与有机肥配施(NPKM)土壤,于2012—2014年进行连续3年的施肥和不施肥试验,分析水稻产量和土壤基础地力贡献率的差异及关键影响因子.结果表明:不论施肥与否,3年的水稻产量均表现出NPKM处理显著高于NPK和CK处理,尤其是在不施肥条件下,NPKM处理的年产量分别比CK和NPK处理增加37.7%~143.9%和20.8%~66.7%.3年间,CK、NPK和NPKM处理的土壤基础地力贡献率分别为41.8%~53.1%、45.2%~62.6%和59.1%~88.1%,且NPKM处理的土壤基础地力贡献率均显著高于NPK和CK处理.进一步分析发现,土壤有机质和有机碳平衡量与土壤基础地力贡献率呈显著正相关.总之,在鄱阳湖流域的双季稻田,长期有机无机肥配施有利于该地区土壤基础地力的提升,且土壤有机质和有机碳平衡是土壤基础地力变化的关键因子.

Abstract: We aimed to explore changes in basic soil productivity (BSP) under different fertilization regimes in the Poyang Lake region, Jiangxi Province, China. Soil samples were collected from a long-term fertilization experiment (since 1981) that included treatments of no fertilization (CK), chemical fertilization (NPK), and combined chemical and organic fertilization (NPKM). Then, a three-year pot experiment (from 2012 to 2014) with double rice cropping was conducted with two different fertilization regimes (no fertilization, F0; fertilization, F1) using CK, NPK and NPKM soils. Grain yield and BSP were analyzed among soils with different fertilization regimes to identify the key factors driving changes in BSP. Results showed that grain yields in NPKM soil were higher than in NPK and CK soils regardless of fertilization in the pot experiment. Under the F0 condition, annual grain yields of NPKM soil were 37.7%-143.9% and 20.8%-66.7% higher than CK and NPK soils, respectively. The BSP values of CK, NPK and NPKM soils in three years were 41.8%-53.1%, 45.2%-62.6% and 59.1%-88.1%, respectively. NPKM soil had significantly higher BSP than NPK and CK soils. Furthermore, there were significant positive correlations between soil organic matter and BSP as well as between organic carbon balance and BSP. These results suggested that long-term application of chemical and organic fertilizers could improve BSP in the double rice cropping system of the Poyang Lake region. In addition, soil organic matter and organic carbon balance are important factors for improving BSP in this region.