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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 233-242.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201901.039

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱条件下夏玉米地-气温差的影响因素及其模拟

刘二华1,周广胜1,2*   

  1. 1中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081;
    2南京信息工程大学气象灾害预警协同创新中心, 南京 210044
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-19 修回日期:2018-12-03 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
  • 通讯作者: zhougs@cma.gov.cn
  • 作者简介:刘二华, 女, 1994年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事农业气象遥感研究. E-mail: leh4179@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    本文由国家自然科学基金重点项目(41330531,31661143028,41501047)和公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201506001-3,GYHY201506019) 资助

Influencing factors and their simulation of summer maize land surface-air temperature difference under drought conditions

LIU Er-hua1, ZHOU Guang-sheng1,2*   

  1. 1Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast Meteorological Disaster Warning and Assessment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Received:2018-06-19 Revised:2018-12-03 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Key Natural Science Foundation of China (41330531,31661143028,41501047), and the Special Fund for Meteorology Scientific Research in the Public Interest (GYHY201506001-3, GYHY201506019).2018-06-19 Received, 2018-12-03 Accepted.*

摘要: 地-气温差指标表征作物水分亏缺状况已经被广泛研究,但地-气温差随作物生育进程的变化特征及其影响因子的观测研究仍较少,制约着地-气温差的准确模拟.基于夏玉米2014年三叶期和2015年拔节期的5个灌溉水分控制试验资料的研究表明: 随着夏玉米生育进程的推进,土壤水分的变化显著影响了夏玉米农田的地-气温差,土壤水分亏缺越严重,地-气温差越高.在整个水分处理期间,归一化植被指数是地-气温差的主要影响因子且两者呈显著的线性关系,但不同生育期地-气温差还受其他因子的影响:三叶期后受冠层吸收光合有效辐射比影响且呈显著的线性关系,三叶期至拔节期则受土壤相对湿度和空气相对湿度的影响且呈显著的线性关系.在此基础上,基于2014年试验资料建立了夏玉米全生育期地-气温差模拟模型、营养生长期地-气温差模拟模型和生殖生长期地-气温差模拟模型,并利用2015年夏玉米拔节期5个灌溉水分控制试验资料进行了模型验证,结果表明,夏玉米全生育期地-气温差模型可以解释2015年地-气温差变异的63%,但地-气温差分生育期模拟模型,即营养生长期地-气温差模拟模型和生殖生长期地-气温差模拟模型综合的模拟结果则可解释2015年地-气温差变异的79%.研究结果为基于地-气温差的作物干旱指标定量评估作物干旱提供了依据.

Abstract: Crop water deficit status characterized by land surface-air temperature difference (Ts-Ta) has been widely investigated. However, empirical evidence for characteristics and impact factors of Ts-Ta considering the process of crop growth are less yet, which restricts the accurate simulation of Ts-Ta. Here, the data of Ts-Ta during the process of maize growth were obtained from five irrigation water control experiments after the period of summer maize 3-leaf stage in 2014 and jointing stage in 2015. The results showed that Ts-Ta of summer maize cropland was significantly affected by soil water content. Ts-Ta increased with the deficit of soil water. During summer maize water treatments, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was the main impact factor of Ts-Ta, with a significant linear relationship. However, during different growth stages, some additional factors including meteorological, biological and soil factors could also affect Ts-Ta, including canopy photosynthetic active radiation absorption ratio (fAPAR) after 3-leaf stage, relative soil water content (RSWC), and air relative humidity (RH) from 3-leaf stage to jointing stage. Then, the growth duration simulation model of Ts-Ta, vegetative growth simulation model of Ts-Ta and reproductive growth simulation model of Ts-Ta were established in terms of the data in 2014. Those simulation models were validated based on the experimental data of five irrigation water treatments after summer maize jointing stage in 2015. The results showed that the growth duration simulation mode of Ts-Ta could explain 63% variation of Ts-Ta in 2015. However, 79% variation of Ts-Ta could be explained by the simulation results of the vegetative growth simulation model of Ts-Ta and the reproductive growth simulation model of Ts-Ta. The results provided the basis for the quantitative evaluation of crop drought based on Ts-Ta.