长期秸秆黑炭施加对石灰性潮土肥力、固碳及氨挥发的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201801.030

应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 176-184.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201801.030

长期秸秆黑炭施加对石灰性潮土肥力、固碳及氨挥发的影响

赵进^1,2, 赵旭^1*, 王慎强¹, 邢光熹¹

¹中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 常熟农业生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 南京 210008;
²中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2017-02-20 出版日期:2018-01-18 发布日期:2018-01-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: zhaoxu@issas.ac.cn
作者简介:赵进,男,1991年生,硕士研究生.主要从事秸秆黑炭的农学效应研究.E-mail: zhaojin@issas.ac.cn
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(41271312,41001147)、农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013GB24910678)和土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室优秀青年人才项目(Y412010006)资助

Effects of successive incorporation of rice straw biochar into an alkaline soil on soil fertility, carbon sequestration and ammonia volatilization.

ZHAO Jin^1,2, ZHAO Xu^1*, WANG Shen-qiang¹, XING Guang-xi¹

¹Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2017-02-20 Online:2018-01-18 Published:2018-01-18
Contact: * E-mail: zhaoxu@issas.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271312, 41001147), the National Fund for Transformation of Agricultural Scientific Achievement, China (2013GB24910678) and the Young Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y412010006).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过5年10季的小麦/谷子轮作盆栽试验,持续观测了每季0、2.25和22.5 t·hm^-2黑炭施用下作物生长和土壤性质变化及氨挥发数量.结果表明: 相同NPK肥施用下,与不施黑炭处理相比,黑炭处理能促进作物生长,提高土壤养分供应.22.5 t·hm^-2黑炭处理下5年作物累积籽粒和秸秆产量分别增加24.1%和74.1%;相应地上部N、P和K累计吸收量分别增加93.5%、71.2%和46.3%;轮作结束后土壤有效P、K含量及阳离子交换量分别提高262%、274%和58.3%,有机碳提高843%,C/N增至25,容重降低46.6%, 土壤pH值则无明显变化.2.25和22.5 t·hm^-2黑炭处理的黑炭表观分解率为每年3.5%～5.7%.高量黑炭施用可导致氨挥发数量增加,22.5 t·hm^-2黑炭处理下10季氨挥发总量增加102%.

Abstract: A five-year successive rice straw-derived biochar (BC) amendment pot trial was conducted to investigate the BC effects on crop growth responses, soil properties and ammonia volatilization in a calcareous alkaline soil from 2010-2015 under the greenhouse condition. We adopted 0 (the control; BC₀), 2.25 t·hm^-2(BC_2.25) and 22.5 t·hm^-2(BC_22.5) for each wheat/millet crop season with an identical dose of NPK fertilizers. The results showed that BC treatments (BC_2.25 and BC_22.5) improved soil fertility and crop growth compared to the no BC control. During the five rice/millet rotations, BC_22.5 treatment increased the total yields of grain and straw by 24.1% and 74.1%, while the cumulative aboveground uptake amounts of N, P and K were significantly increased by 93.5%, 71.2% and 46.3%, respectively. After the rotations, soil available P, K, and CEC under the BC_22.5 treatment were enhanced by 262%, 274% and 58.3%, compared to the control. By contrast, soil bulk density was decreased by 46.6%, while no difference was found in soil pH between the BC treatments and the control. Soil TOC and soil C/N ratio increased by 843% and up to 25 in response to the BC_22.5 treatment, respectively. The annual apparent BC loss was 3.5%-5.7% in the BC_2.25 and BC_22.5 treatments. High level of BC application simulated ammonia volatilization, which increased by 102% in BC_22.5 treatment over the course of the crop rotations compared to the control.

赵进, 赵旭, 王慎强, 邢光熹. 长期秸秆黑炭施加对石灰性潮土肥力、固碳及氨挥发的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(1): 176-184.

ZHAO Jin, ZHAO Xu, WANG Shen-qiang, XING Guang-xi. Effects of successive incorporation of rice straw biochar into an alkaline soil on soil fertility, carbon sequestration and ammonia volatilization.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(1): 176-184.

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长期秸秆黑炭施加对石灰性潮土肥力、固碳及氨挥发的影响

Effects of successive incorporation of rice straw biochar into an alkaline soil on soil fertility, carbon sequestration and ammonia volatilization.

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